Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 9th Edition Test Bank

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: IV is the route of choice for rapid administration. IV route allows for quick onset of action, crucial in acutely fluid-overloaded patients needing immediate diuresis. Option A is incorrect as furosemide can be given orally too. Option C is less relevant in this urgent situation where speed is key. Option D is also incorrect as the side effects are not determined by route of administration.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because nosocomial pneumonia occurs in a healthcare setting, such as hospitals or long-term care facilities, where patients are at increased risk due to exposure to pathogens and weakened immune systems. Choice B is incorrect as the timeframe of onset is not limited to within 48 hours of admission. Choice C is incorrect as nosocomial pneumonia can occur in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts. Choice D is incorrect as it refers to pneumonia acquired outside of a healthcare setting.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Whisper voice test. This test is used as an initial screening for hearing loss because it is simple, quick, and easily administered by a nurse. The nurse would whisper words or numbers at a specific distance from the patient to assess their ability to hear and repeat the whispered sounds accurately. This test provides a quick indication of potential hearing impairment. The other choices are incorrect: A: Romberg test assesses balance and not hearing. B: Caloric test evaluates the vestibular system, not hearing. C: Otoscopic examination is used to examine the ear canal and tympanic membrane, not to screen for hearing loss.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Mr. Dela Isla had a CVA, indicating the importance of managing his condition long-term. Step 2: Drug compliance is crucial in preventing further strokes and managing existing health issues. Step 3: Proper medication adherence can help control blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels. Step 4: Emergency numbers are important but secondary to long-term management. Step 5: Relaxation techniques may be beneficial but not as essential as medication compliance for a CVA patient.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Break the task down into simple steps. This response is the best because it helps the patient by breaking down the task into manageable parts, making it less overwhelming and more achievable. By providing clear and simple steps, the patient can focus on one aspect at a time, reducing frustration and increasing the likelihood of successful completion. Choice A is incorrect because performing the task for the patient does not promote independence or skill development. Choice B is incorrect as it dismisses the patient's feelings of frustration without offering a solution. Choice D is incorrect because having another patient demonstrate may not address the specific needs and abilities of the recovering stroke patient.