Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 9th Edition Test Bank

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypocalcemia. Chvostek's sign and Trousseau's sign are both indicators of hypocalcemia, which is a common complication following thyroidectomy surgery due to potential damage to the parathyroid glands. Chvostek's sign is elicited by tapping the facial nerve and observing facial muscle twitching, while Trousseau's sign involves carpal spasm induced by inflating a blood pressure cuff above systolic pressure. Both signs are sensitive indicators of hypocalcemia due to their association with neuromuscular irritability. Hypercalcemia (option C) and hyperkalemia (option D) are not typically associated with thyroidectomy surgery and would not present with these specific signs. Hypokalemia (option B) is not related to Chvostek's sign and Trousseau's sign.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because asking about the frequency of bowel movements is crucial in assessing diarrhea, a common symptom. This information helps determine the severity and duration of the condition, guiding the nurse in identifying potential causes and appropriate interventions. Choice A focuses on the cause of upset stomach, not specifically diarrhea. Choice C is more related to incontinence rather than diarrhea. Choice D is important but not directly related to establishing a nursing diagnosis for diarrhea. Therefore, Choice B is the most appropriate question to assist in accurately assessing and diagnosing diarrhea.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it provides a specific action (offering water) at regular intervals (every 2 hours) to promote hydration, which is a clear and measurable nursing intervention. Choice A is too prescriptive and lacks flexibility. Choice C is reactive and not proactive. Choice D is vague and lacks specific guidance on how to achieve the desired outcome. By offering water consistently, the nurse ensures proactive care and helps meet the client's hydration needs effectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The sudden sharp pain in the midepigastric region with a rigid boardlike abdomen in a patient with a bleeding gastric ulcer indicates a perforation of the ulcer. Perforation leads to leakage of gastric contents into the peritoneal cavity, causing peritonitis. This presentation requires immediate surgical intervention. Option A is incorrect as intestinal development does not correlate with the symptoms described. Option B is incorrect because inflammation of the esophagus would not lead to a rigid boardlike abdomen. Option D is incorrect as the sudden onset of symptoms is more indicative of a complication like perforation rather than the development of additional ulcers.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Communicating the client�s progress to the interdisciplinary team. During the evaluation phase, the nurse plays a crucial role in ensuring continuity of care by effectively communicating the client�s progress to the interdisciplinary team. This action allows for collaborative decision-making based on the latest information, promotes coordination of care, and ensures that all team members are informed and involved in the client's care plan. Rewriting the care plan (A) is important but may not be the most immediate action during the evaluation phase. Reassessing the client (C) is valuable for gathering additional data but may not directly contribute to continuity of care during this phase. Providing emotional support (D) is essential but may not specifically address continuity of care during evaluation.