ATI Proctored Nutrition Exam

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cheese, pizza, desserts, and chicken. These foods are significant contributors to the intake of saturated fats in the American diet, often found in processed and fast foods. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because while butter, coconut, and palm oils (A) are sources of saturated fats, they are not the biggest contributors in the American diet. Corn oil (B) is a source of unsaturated fats, and meat and milk (C) contain saturated fats but are not the primary contributors compared to cheese, pizza, desserts, and chicken.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, mannitol, and xylitol are commonly used in sugar-free products and have properties that help protect teeth from caries by promoting remineralization and increasing salivary flow. Erythritol is another common sugar alcohol used as a sweetener in various products, but it was not listed in the question.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: For patients with kidney disease, it's important to manage fluid intake from all sources, including foods like gelatin and soups, which can contribute to fluid overload.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The transport of oxygen in the blood is carried out by hemoglobin, which does not require calcium; instead, calcium is essential for blood clotting, muscle contraction, and nerve transmission.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Secretin stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate ions to neutralize stomach acid and digestive enzymes into the small intestine.