Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 9th Edition Test Bank

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Doing it according to his needs and abilities. This option is the most appropriate intervention for Mang Simon to maintain his exercise program. By tailoring the program to his needs and abilities, Mang Simon is more likely to adhere to it and prevent any potential injuries or health risks associated with overexertion. This approach ensures that the exercise routine is realistic and manageable for him, increasing his chances of long-term success. A: Writing down the exercise program may be helpful for organization but does not address the individualization needed for Mang Simon's specific situation. B: Thoroughly explaining the program to his wife, Aling Nena, may provide support but does not directly impact Mang Simon's ability to maintain the program. C: Positive motivation is important, but it alone may not be sufficient to address the practical aspects of adapting the exercise program to Mang Simon's needs and abilities.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: error in word choices. In left hemisphere stroke, language and speech centers are usually affected, leading to aphasia. This results in errors in word choices, difficulty expressing thoughts, and understanding language. Impulsivity and unsafe activities (choice A) are more commonly associated with frontal lobe damage. Motor deficits on the right eye (choice B) and left side of the body (choice C) are typical in strokes affecting the motor cortex, which is located in the contralateral hemisphere.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hypomagnesemia. 1. Hypertension and cardiac dysrhythmias can be exacerbated by low magnesium levels. 2. Magnesium plays a crucial role in maintaining normal heart rhythm and blood pressure. 3. Hypomagnesemia can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and worsen hypertension. 4. Metabolic acidosis (A) is not directly related to hypertension and dysrhythmias. 5. Hypernatremia (B) and hypercalcemia (D) are less likely to be associated with cardiac issues in this context. In summary, checking for hypomagnesemia is essential due to its direct impact on the client's hypertension and cardiac dysrhythmias.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Etiology. Etiology in a nursing diagnosis refers to the cause or contributing factors that lead to the identified problem. In this case, the presence of a large scar over the left side of the face is the underlying cause of the disturbed self-esteem. It directly influences the client's self-perception and self-worth. The problem (B) is the disturbed self-esteem itself, not the scar. Defining characteristics (C) are the signs and symptoms that support the nursing diagnosis. Client need (D) is a broader concept that encompasses the overall needs of the client, whereas etiology specifically focuses on the cause of the problem.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Levodopa. Levodopa is the most effective pharmacologic agent for Parkinson's disease as it is converted to dopamine in the brain, replenishing dopamine levels which are depleted in Parkinson's. Selegiline and Symmetrel provide symptomatic relief but are not as effective as Levodopa. Permax is not commonly used due to its association with serious side effects like heart valve damage.