Adult Health Nursing Answer Key

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the case of a displaced fracture of the distal radius and ulna, the preferred initial treatment is typically closed reduction and splinting. Closed reduction involves manually realigning the fractured bones without the need for surgery. Splinting is then utilized to immobilize the wrist and forearm to allow for proper healing of the fracture. This approach is often effective in realigning the bones and stabilizing the injury, allowing for adequate healing without the need for more invasive interventions like surgery. Following the initial management with closed reduction and splinting, the patient's progress will be monitored, and further interventions may be considered based on the specific characteristics of the fracture and the patient's response to treatment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Before finalizing and implementing the education plan for the staff nurse, it is important to have the plan reviewed by the nurse supervisor. The nurse supervisor is directly responsible for overseeing the staff nurses and their education and training needs. They have a good understanding of the staff nurse's current skills, areas for improvement, and training requirements. By involving the nurse supervisor in the review process, you can ensure that the education plan is aligned with the overall goals and needs of the nursing staff and the department. Additionally, the nurse supervisor can provide valuable input and insights to help tailor the education plan to meet the specific needs of the staff nurses under their supervision.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: While all of the nursing measures listed are important considerations when managing a patient receiving oxytocin drip, the nurse would least consider informing the patient about potential complications. The reason for this is that it is the responsibility of the healthcare provider (such as the physician or advanced practice nurse) to inform the patient about potential complications of a medication or treatment. Nurses are instrumental in providing education and support to patients, but in the case of informing patients about potential complications, this task typically falls under the purview of the prescribing provider. The primary focus of the nurse in this situation would be to assess, administer, monitor, and educate the patient as appropriate, ensuring safe and effective care delivery.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Factor V Leiden mutation is the most common inherited predisposition to venous thrombosis. In this condition, there is a specific mutation in the factor V gene (also known as factor V Leiden) that makes factor V resistant to inactivation by activated protein C. This resistance leads to excessive clot formation, increasing the risk of recurrent venous thrombosis like DVT and PE. Patients with Factor V Leiden mutation may have a history of recurrent unprovoked venous thrombosis at a young age. In comparison, antithrombin III deficiency, protein C deficiency, and protein S deficiency are other inherited thrombophilias that may increase the risk of venous thrombosis, but Factor V Leiden mutation is the most likely cause in this case based on the presentation of recurrent episodes without apparent provoking factors.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Colchicine is a medication commonly prescribed to prevent and treat acute attacks of gout. It works by reducing inflammation caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints. Colchicine is effective in relieving pain and reducing swelling during gout attacks. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage due to potential side effects such as gastrointestinal upset. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that can be used for pain relief but is not specific for gout treatment. Probenecid is used for chronic gout by helping the kidneys remove uric acid, not for acute gout attacks. Hydrocortisone is a steroid that may be used in some cases but is not a first-line treatment for acute gouty arthritis.