Adult Health Nursing Answer Key

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Colchicine is a medication commonly prescribed to prevent and treat acute attacks of gout. It works by reducing inflammation caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints. Colchicine is effective in relieving pain and reducing swelling during gout attacks. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage due to potential side effects such as gastrointestinal upset. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that can be used for pain relief but is not specific for gout treatment. Probenecid is used for chronic gout by helping the kidneys remove uric acid, not for acute gout attacks. Hydrocortisone is a steroid that may be used in some cases but is not a first-line treatment for acute gouty arthritis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The best time for an incontinent patient to take diuretics is at bedtime. This timing allows for increased urine production during the night, consequently reducing the need for frequent toileting during the day. By taking the diuretic at bedtime, the patient can manage their incontinence more effectively and have better rest without disruptions from frequent urination during the day.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The diagnostic test that could be useful in confirming the diagnosis of Dengue Fever is the ELISA test. ELISA stands for Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. This test detects the presence of dengue virus-specific antibodies (IgM and IgG) in the blood of an individual suspected to have dengue fever. Elevated levels of these antibodies indicate a recent or ongoing dengue virus infection. ELISA is a standard and reliable test used in diagnosing dengue fever, along with clinical symptoms and other laboratory tests.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed to improve respiratory mechanics is the most appropriate intervention for managing paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea in a patient with end-stage heart failure. By keeping the head of the bed elevated, gravity helps reduce the pooling of fluid in the lungs, making it easier for the patient to breathe and reducing dyspnea. This strategy can help improve oxygenation and decrease the sensation of breathlessness, providing relief for the patient. Administering diuretic medications (Option A) can also be beneficial to reduce fluid overload, although positioning remains a key intervention. Encouraging the patient to sleep in a reclined position (Option C) can help alleviate symptoms, but specifically elevating the head of the bed is a more targeted approach. Referring the patient to a sleep specialist (Option D) may not be necessary at this time, as the primary concern is managing the acute symptom of paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The patient requiring a dressing change of post-caesarian surgery should be assigned to the midwife because this task involves specialized knowledge and skills related to wound care and post-operative care. Performing a dressing change for a post-caesarian surgery patient requires expertise to ensure proper hygiene, wound healing, and prevention of post-operative complications. This task goes beyond the scope of practice for a nursing assistant and should be done by a healthcare professional with higher qualifications and training, such as a midwife.