Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing PDF

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: ethnocentrism. This is because the nurse is judging the client's cultural beliefs as inferior to American practices, implying that American ways are the only correct ones. Ethnocentrism involves viewing one's own culture as superior to others. A: Stereotyping is not the correct answer because the nurse is not making a generalization about a group based on limited information. C: Cultural accommodation is not the correct answer because the nurse is not demonstrating an understanding or acceptance of the client's cultural practices. D: Empathy is not the correct answer because the nurse is not showing understanding or compassion towards the client's cultural beliefs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Transactional. This type of leader focuses on routine tasks, maintaining order, and ensuring tasks are completed efficiently. In this scenario, the nurse is primarily concerned with daily operational tasks like restocking supplies and checking orders, which align with transactional leadership. Situational leadership focuses on adapting to different situations, transformational leadership inspires change and innovation, and contemporary leadership encompasses various modern leadership styles.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Qualitative. Qualitative data analysis involves organizing non-numerical data into themes, patterns, or categories. This type of analysis focuses on the quality and characteristics of the data rather than numerical values. Descriptive analysis (A) involves summarizing and presenting numerical data. Inferential analysis (B) involves making predictions or inferences about a population based on sample data. Quantitative analysis (D) involves working with numerical data to derive insights and conclusions. In this question, the focus is on the non-numerical organization of data, which aligns with qualitative analysis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: cost shifting. Cost shifting refers to the practice of healthcare providers charging higher prices to patients who have insurance or can pay in order to make up for the costs incurred from providing care to uninsured or underinsured individuals. This helps offset the financial burden caused by uncompensated care. A: Charity is incorrect because it refers to voluntary giving of help, typically in the form of money or goods, to those in need. Cost shifting involves charging more to certain patients to cover costs, rather than voluntary donations. C: Price sharing is incorrect as it does not accurately reflect the concept of redistributing costs among different groups of patients based on their ability to pay. D: Governmental reimbursement is incorrect because it specifically refers to payments made by the government to healthcare providers for services rendered to patients covered by government insurance programs, not the practice of cost shifting.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: gather information. This step is essential as it allows nurses to collect data, assess the situation, and make informed decisions. Identifying the problem (A) comes after gathering information. Considering consequences (C) and implementing interventions (D) are later steps in the process once information has been gathered. Gathering information is foundational to problem-solving as it provides the necessary data to understand the situation fully and determine the appropriate course of action.