Nursing Process Exam Questions

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Transporting specimens of body fluid in leakproof containers reduces the risk of exposure to HIV/AIDS. This precaution ensures that any potentially infectious material is securely contained. Choice B is incorrect as fusion inhibitors are not prescribed for reducing occupational risks. Choice C is incorrect as it does not directly address reducing occupational risks related to HIV/AIDS. Choice D is incorrect as it is essential for a nurse to clean the client's room, but with proper precautions in place to prevent exposure to bodily fluids.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypomagnesemia. Dehydration can lead to electrolyte imbalances, and hypomagnesemia can cause confusion in elderly patients. Magnesium plays a crucial role in brain function and its deficiency can result in cognitive impairment. Hyponatremia (A) typically presents with symptoms like weakness and confusion but not necessarily dehydration. Hypercalcemia (B) and hyperkalemia (C) are less likely to cause confusion in this scenario. Therefore, hypomagnesemia is the most likely electrolyte imbalance involved in the elderly nursing home resident's confusion.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because flushing the central venous catheter with a heparinized solution before blood withdrawal is essential to maintain catheter patency and prevent clot formation. This step ensures the catheter is clear of any blockages, allowing for accurate blood sampling. Choice A is incorrect because assembling supplies should come after preparing the catheter. Choice B is incorrect as discarding blood before flushing the catheter may lead to inaccurate test results. Choice D is incorrect as replacing the catheter cap without flushing may lead to clot formation and catheter malfunction.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Focused. When a nurse inspects a postoperative incision site for infection, they are conducting a focused assessment. This type of assessment is specific to a particular issue or body system, in this case, the incision site. By focusing solely on the incision site, the nurse can thoroughly evaluate for signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, warmth, or discharge. A: Complete assessments involve a comprehensive evaluation of all body systems and are not necessary for this specific situation. C: General assessments are broad and not targeted towards a specific issue like infection at an incision site. D: Time-lapse assessments involve comparing current findings to previous assessments over a period of time, which is not relevant to immediately identifying signs of infection. In summary, the correct answer is focused because it allows for a detailed evaluation of the incision site specifically for signs of infection, unlike the other options that are either too broad or not relevant to the situation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Uterine body. The rationale is that the most common site of cancer for females is uterine body, specifically endometrial cancer. This is due to the high prevalence of hormonal imbalances and estrogen exposure, which are risk factors for this type of cancer. The other choices, A: Uterine cervix, B: Vagina, and D: Fallopian tube, are less common sites of cancer in females compared to the uterine body. Understanding the prevalence and risk factors associated with each site of cancer is crucial for nurses to educate clients effectively.