ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Metformin's primary pharmacological action is to decrease hepatic glucose production. By reducing hepatic glucose production, metformin helps to lower blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity in the liver.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Glargine (Lantus) is classified as a long-acting insulin, providing a slow, steady release of insulin over an extended period, making it suitable for basal insulin requirements. It has a duration of action that can last up to 24 hours, helping to maintain more stable blood sugar levels throughout the day.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to include when educating a client with a new prescription for Atorvastatin to treat Hyperlipidemia is to avoid drinking grapefruit juice. Grapefruit juice can increase the blood levels of atorvastatin, leading to an elevated risk of serious side effects such as liver damage and muscle problems. It is essential for the client to be aware of this potential interaction and to follow the nurse's advice to avoid grapefruit juice while taking Atorvastatin.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Prednisone can cause hypokalemia, so increasing potassium-rich foods in the diet is recommended to prevent low potassium levels. Potassium-rich foods include bananas, oranges, spinach, and potatoes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When a client is receiving Gentamicin, the nurse should monitor serum creatinine levels to assess for nephrotoxicity. Gentamicin is known to potentially cause nephrotoxicity, leading to impaired kidney function. Monitoring serum creatinine levels helps in early detection of any kidney damage or dysfunction.