Adult Health Nursing Answer Key

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In Nadine's case, one major challenge that a beginning nurse may encounter in her service delivery is related to social determinants of health. Social determinants of health refer to the social and economic conditions that influence individual and group differences in health status. In this scenario, Nadine's bruises, bed-wetting, signs of anxiety, and potentially other health issues are likely influenced by factors such as her living environment, family dynamics, and social support systems. As a nurse, addressing social determinants of health requires a holistic approach that considers not only the physical symptoms but also the underlying social, economic, and environmental factors affecting the patient's health and well-being. This can be a complex challenge for beginning nurses who may not have as much experience or training in navigating these social determinants of health to provide comprehensive care to their patients.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The Good Samaritan Law offers legal protection to individuals who voluntarily provide assistance at the scene of an emergency or accident. These laws vary by state, but generally, they grant immunity from civil liability for the individual providing aid as long as they act in good faith and without expectation of compensation. In this case, the retired nurse who stopped to help in the emergency at the scene of an accident would likely be covered by the Good Samaritan Law, protecting her from being sued by the injured party for any unintended consequences of her efforts to assist.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The nurse's best approach to address the patient's fear of needles before a blood draw is to provide the patient with information about relaxation techniques and distraction methods (Option B). Dismissing the patient's fear (Option A), ignoring the fear and proceeding quickly (Option C), or telling the patient that the fear is irrational and unfounded (Option D) would not be helpful and could potentially escalate the patient's anxiety. Providing information on relaxation techniques such as deep breathing or visualization, as well as distraction methods like listening to music or engaging in conversation, can help the patient feel more comfortable and reduce their fear and anxiety during the blood draw procedure. It is important for the nurse to acknowledge and address the patient's concerns in a supportive and empathetic manner to build trust and ensure a successful blood draw experience.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When one has Cushing's disease, the focal structure affected is the pituitary gland. Cushing's disease is caused by the overproduction of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by the pituitary gland. This excess ACTH stimulates the adrenal glands to produce too much cortisol, leading to the symptoms associated with Cushing's disease. Therefore, the primary issue originates in the pituitary gland, not the other structures mentioned in the question.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Option B, "Be sure to rebut the patient point by point," is NOT the way to handle complaints. When dealing with patient complaints, it is important to take a calm and empathetic approach rather than engaging in a defensive or confrontational manner. Rebutting the patient point by point can escalate the situation and may further alienate the patient. Effective complaint management involves active listening, showing empathy, addressing concerns, and working towards a resolution that benefits both the patient and the healthcare provider.