Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing PDF

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because starting the workday productively sets a positive tone, leading to better focus and efficiency. By utilizing the first hour effectively, one can tackle important tasks when energy and concentration levels are at their peak. This approach helps in prioritizing and accomplishing key objectives early on, maximizing productivity throughout the day. Choice B is incorrect because completing trivial tasks first can waste valuable time and energy that could be better spent on more significant tasks. Choice C is incorrect as recreational activities can provide necessary mental breaks, leading to increased productivity and overall well-being. Choice D is incorrect because breaks are essential for maintaining focus and preventing burnout, ultimately enhancing productivity in the long run.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Quality management. The nurse assessing and recording variations from the hospital standard of rotating IV sites every 72 hours is fulfilling a quality management role by ensuring adherence to established protocols to maintain patient safety and prevent complications. Quality management involves monitoring and improving healthcare processes to enhance patient outcomes. In this scenario, the nurse's actions contribute to maintaining high standards of care. Summary: A: Infection control focuses on preventing and controlling the spread of infections, not specifically related to monitoring compliance with IV site rotation. C: Coordinator position involves organizing and coordinating care, not directly related to assessing adherence to standards. D: Counselor provides emotional support and counseling to patients, not related to monitoring and maintaining healthcare standards.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: paternalism. Paternalism occurs when a physician overrides a patient's autonomy in favor of what they believe is best for the patient. In this scenario, the physician is not respecting the client's wishes and is making decisions based on their own judgment, which is characteristic of paternalism. Autonomy (A) refers to respecting the patient's right to make their own decisions. Beneficence (B) is the principle of doing good for the patient, but in this case, it is being overshadowed by the physician's paternalistic approach. Justice (C) refers to fairness in healthcare distribution, which is not applicable in this context.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (C): The correct answer is C because individuals covered under Medicaid, especially those living in poverty, often face barriers to timely healthcare access. Due to financial constraints and lack of awareness, this mother may delay seeking care, leading to a more advanced stage of breast cancer. This delay can result in the need for hospitalization for a mastectomy, which could have been avoided with early detection and treatment. Medicaid coverage does not necessarily guarantee prompt healthcare access, especially for preventive services like mammography. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: This choice is incorrect because individuals covered by Medicaid, especially those facing financial hardships, may have limited access to preventive services like mammography due to various barriers. B: Having designated primary care and a specialist does not necessarily ensure timely care access, especially for individuals living in poverty and covered under Medicaid. D: This choice is incorrect as individuals covered by Medicaid generally have better access to healthcare services compared to the uninsured population, although they may still face barriers to

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: model. In this scenario, the nurse used visual representation to illustrate the relationships among concepts in Peplau's theory. A model is a simplified representation of a real-world system that helps understand complex relationships. By listing concepts and drawing lines to denote relationships, the nurse created a visual model to clarify the interconnections between elements. A hypothesis (A) is a testable prediction, not a visual representation. A construct (C) is an abstract concept, not a visual representation of relationships. A variable (D) is a measurable factor that can change, not a visual representation of relationships.