Fluid and Electrolytes ATI

Questions 40

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Fluid and Electrolytes ATI Questions

Question 1 of 5

The triage nurse notes upon assessment in the emergency room that the patient with anxiety is hyperventilating. The nurse is aware that hyperventilation is the most common cause of which acid-base imbalance?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most common cause of acute respiratory alkalosis is hyperventilation. Extreme anxiety can lead to hyperventilation.

Question 2 of 5

Your patient has the following arterial blood gas results: pH 7.26, PaCO2 28, HCO3 11 mEq/L. How would the nurse interpret the results?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A low pH indicates acidosis (normal pH is 7.35 to 7.45). The PaCO3 is also low, which causes alkalosis. The bicarb is low, which causes acidosis. The pH bicarb more closely corresponds with a decrease in pH, making the metabolic component the primary problem.

Question 3 of 5

Which of the following might the nurse assess in a patient diagnosed with hypermagnesemia?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: To gauge a patient's magnesium status, the nurse should check deep tendon reflexes. If the reflex is absent, this may indicate high serum magnesium.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse working in the PACU is aware that which of the following procedures may contribute to extracellular losses?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Fluid loss from the extracellular compartment can be caused by abdominal surgery.

Question 5 of 5

The nurse in the intensive care unit receives arterial blood gases (ABG) with a patient who is complaining of being 'short of breath.' The ABG has the following values: pH = 7.21, PaCO2 = 64 mm Hg, HCO3 = 24 mm Hg. The labs reflect:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A pH of less than 7.40, a PaCO2 greater than 40, and an HCO3 of 24 are normal; therefore, it is a respiratory acidosis. Compensation by the kidneys has not begun, which indicates this was probably an acute event.

Similar Questions

The nurse in the intensive care unit receives arterial blood gases (ABG) with a patient who is complaining of being 'short of breath.' The ABG has the following values: pH = 7.21, PaCO2 = 64 mm Hg, HCO3 = 24 mm Hg. The labs reflect:
A nurse admitting a patient with a history of emphysema reviews her past lab reports and notes that the patient's PaCO2 has been 56 to 64 mmHg. The nurse will be cautious administering oxygen because:
Third spacing occurs when fluid moves out of the intravascular space but not into the intracellular space. Based upon this fluid shift, the nurse will expect the patient to demonstrate:
The renin and angiotensin systems help to maintain the balance of sodium and water in the body. What other functions do these systems serve?
A patient is receiving furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg/d IV. What electrolyte value should be monitored when a patient is receiving a loop diuretic?

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