Fluid and Electrolytes ATI

Questions 40

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Fluid and Electrolytes ATI Questions

Question 1 of 5

A patient's lab results show a slight decrease in potassium. The physician has declined to treat with drug therapy but has suggested increasing the potassium through diet. Which of the following would be a good source of potassium?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Bananas are high in potassium. Apples, carrots, and asparagus are not high in potassium.

Question 2 of 5

A patient with hypokalemia and heart failure is admitted to the telemetry unit. The nurse is aware that hypokalemia could cause which of the following abnormalities on an electrocardiogram (ECG)?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hypokalemia often causes characteristic ECG changes, including an elevated U wave and flattened T waves.

Question 3 of 5

Your patient has the following arterial blood gas results: pH 7.26, PaCO2 28, HCO3 11 mEq/L. How would the nurse interpret the results?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A low pH indicates acidosis (normal pH is 7.35 to 7.45). The PaCO3 is also low, which causes alkalosis. The bicarb is low, which causes acidosis. The pH bicarb more closely corresponds with a decrease in pH, making the metabolic component the primary problem.

Question 4 of 5

A patient is in the hospital with heart failure. The nurse notes during the evening assessment that the patient's neck veins are distended and the patient has dyspnea. What action should the nurse take?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The symptoms of neck vein distention and dyspnea suggest fluid overload. Placing the patient in semi-Fowler's position and administering diuretics can help reduce fluid volume and improve breathing.

Question 5 of 5

The nurse is evaluating a patient's laboratory results. Based upon the laboratory findings, what results will cause the release of an antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Increased serum sodium causes increased thirst and the release of ADH by the posterior pituitary gland.

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