ATI RN
Fluid and Electrolytes ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is evaluating a patient's laboratory results. Based upon the laboratory findings, what results will cause the release of an antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased serum sodium causes increased thirst and the release of ADH by the posterior pituitary gland.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse sees a variety of patients in the community health clinic. Which of the following patients would be at the greatest risk of dehydration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Infants are particularly vulnerable to dehydration due to diarrhea, as they have a higher fluid turnover and less reserve.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is taking spironolactone (Aldactone) to control her hypertension. Her serum potassium level is 6 mEq/L. For this patient, the nurse's priority would be to assess her:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Although changes in all these findings are seen in hyperkalemia, ECG changes can indicate potentially lethal arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation. It wouldn't be appropriate to assess the patient's neuromuscular function, bowel sounds, or respiratory rate for effects of hyperkalemia.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a postthyroidectomy patient at risk for hypocalcemia. What action should the nurse take when assessing for hypocalcemia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Muscle twitching and numbness or tingling of the lips, fingers, and toes are signs of hyperirritability of the nervous system due to hypocalcemia. The other options describe complications the nurse should also be observing for; however, tetany and neurologic alterations are primary indications of hypocalcemia.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse preparing a site for the insertion of an IV catheter should treat excess hair at the site by:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hair can be a source of infection and should be removed by clipping. Shaving the area can cause skin abrasions, and depilatories can irritate the skin.
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