Fluid and Electrolytes ATI

Questions 40

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Fluid and Electrolytes ATI Questions

Question 1 of 5

The nurse preparing a site for the insertion of an IV catheter should treat excess hair at the site by:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hair can be a source of infection and should be removed by clipping. Shaving the area can cause skin abrasions, and depilatories can irritate the skin.

Question 2 of 5

A 65-year-old male patient was admitted to a medical-surgical unit 72 hours ago with pyloric stenosis; a nasogastric tube was inserted upon admission and has been on low intermittent suction since then. The nurse taking care of the patient notices that his potassium is very low and becomes concerned that the patient may be at risk for:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Probably the most common cause of metabolic alkalosis is vomiting or gastric suction with loss of hydrogen and chloride ions. The disorder also occurs in pyloric stenosis in which only gastric fluid is lost. Vomiting, gastric suction, and pyloric stenosis all remove potassium and can cause hypokalemia.

Question 3 of 5

The nurse assessing skin turgor in an elderly patient should remember that:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Inelastic skin turgor is a normal part of aging. Dehydration, not overhydration, causes inelastic skin with tenting. Overhydration, not dehydration, causes the skin to appear edematous and spongy. Normal skin turgor is dry and firm.

Question 4 of 5

A nurse sees a variety of patients in the community health clinic. Which of the following patients would be at the greatest risk of dehydration?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Infants are particularly vulnerable to dehydration due to diarrhea, as they have a higher fluid turnover and less reserve.

Question 5 of 5

The triage nurse notes upon assessment in the emergency room that the patient with anxiety is hyperventilating. The nurse is aware that hyperventilation is the most common cause of which acid-base imbalance?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most common cause of acute respiratory alkalosis is hyperventilation. Extreme anxiety can lead to hyperventilation.

Similar Questions

The triage nurse notes upon assessment in the emergency room that the patient with anxiety is hyperventilating. The nurse is aware that hyperventilation is the most common cause of which acid-base imbalance?
A female patient is discharged from the hospital after having an episode of heart failure. She's prescribed daily oral doses of digoxin (Lanoxin) and furosemide (Lasix). Two days later, she tells her community health nurse that she feels weak and her heart 'flutters' frequently. What action should the nurse take?
A patient admitted with a gastrointestinal bleed and anemia is receiving a blood transfusion. Based upon the patient's hypotensive blood pressure, the nurse anticipates an order for IV fluids from the physician. Which of the following IV solutions may be administered with blood products?
What would be the best initial nursing actions prior to inserting an IV?
Your patient has the following arterial blood gas results: pH 7.26, PaCO2 28, HCO3 11 mEq/L. How would the nurse interpret the results?

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