Transcultural Concepts in Nursing Care Answers Test Banks

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Virchow's triad describes the three pathological factors that are associated with the formation of a thrombus. These factors include endothelial injury, abnormal blood flow, and hypercoagulability. Endothelial injury disrupts the normal function of the endothelium, leading to the exposure of collagen and tissue factor, which triggers the coagulation cascade. Abnormal blood flow can result in stasis or turbulence, which promotes the accumulation of platelets and clotting factors. Hypercoagulability refers to an increase in the tendency of the blood to clot, which can be caused by various conditions such as genetic disorders, cancer, and certain medications. These three factors work together to increase the risk of thrombus formation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: African Americans have a higher prevalence of peripheral vascular disease (PVD) compared to other ethnic groups. Additionally, advancing age is a significant risk factor for developing PVD. Therefore, the 83-year-old African American male has the highest risk among the given options due to his age and ethnicity.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: For a patient with a small-bowel obstruction, the highest priority action is to maintain nasogastric suction. This helps to decompress the bowel and relieve the obstruction by removing fluid and gas from the gastrointestinal tract. It can also help prevent complications such as bowel perforation and reduce the risk of aspiration if the patient vomits. Managing the obstruction is crucial to prevent further complications and promote the patient's recovery. Administering prescribed analgesics, keeping strict intake and output records, and placing the patient in a semi-Fowler's position are important interventions but may not address the immediate need to relieve the obstruction.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Virchow's triad describes the three pathological factors that are associated with the formation of a thrombus. These factors include endothelial injury, abnormal blood flow, and hypercoagulability. Endothelial injury disrupts the normal function of the endothelium, leading to the exposure of collagen and tissue factor, which triggers the coagulation cascade. Abnormal blood flow can result in stasis or turbulence, which promotes the accumulation of platelets and clotting factors. Hypercoagulability refers to an increase in the tendency of the blood to clot, which can be caused by various conditions such as genetic disorders, cancer, and certain medications. These three factors work together to increase the risk of thrombus formation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Pain and limited mobility are the most common manifestations of musculoskeletal disorders. Patients with musculoskeletal issues often experience pain, which can be localized to the affected area or radiate to other parts of the body. Pain can range from mild discomfort to severe and debilitating. Limited mobility refers to a decreased range of motion in joints or difficulty moving due to stiffness, weakness, or structural abnormalities. These symptoms can significantly impact a patient's daily activities and quality of life. Pallor, cyanosis, decreased pulses, and exaggerated reflexes are not typically associated with musculoskeletal disorders and may indicate other health conditions.