Professional Nursing Concepts and Challenges Test Bank

Questions 14

ATI RN

ATI RN Test Bank

Professional Nursing Concepts and Challenges Test Bank Questions

Question 1 of 5

The nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child born with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Which statement should the nurse include in her teaching regarding this defect?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) involves four cardiac defects, as described in option B: pulmonic stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defect, and an overriding aorta. These four defects result in mixing of oxygen-poor and oxygen-rich blood in the heart, leading to decreased oxygen levels in the blood that is pumped to the body. This characteristic results in cyanosis (blue discoloration of the skin). Providing accurate information about the specific defects involved in TOF helps parents understand the complexity and potential complications associated with their child's condition. This knowledge can aid in their ability to recognize symptoms and seek timely medical intervention when needed.

Question 2 of 5

A client admitted with the diagnosis of cardiomyopathy becomes short of breath with ambulation and eating and fatigued with routine care activities. Which nursing diagnosis does the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Activity intolerance is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for a client with cardiomyopathy who becomes short of breath with ambulation and eating and fatigued with routine care activities. Cardiomyopathy is a condition where the heart muscle becomes weakened, affecting its ability to pump blood effectively. As a result, the client may experience symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and decreased tolerance for physical activity. By identifying activity intolerance as a nursing diagnosis, the nurse can focus on addressing the client's limitations in performing activities and developing a plan of care to help improve the client's endurance and functional ability.

Question 3 of 5

A nurse is assessing a client during labor and delivery. Which condition should the nurse recognize as a risk factor for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Placental abruption is the separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before delivery. This condition is a significant risk factor for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) because the sudden detachment can lead to massive internal bleeding. The release of large amounts of tissue factor from the placenta into the maternal circulation triggers widespread activation of the coagulation cascade, leading to the consumption of clotting factors and platelets. This uncontrolled activation of the clotting system can result in both excessive clot formation and bleeding, characteristic of DIC. Gestational diabetes, polyhydramnios, and placenta previa are not direct risk factors for DIC.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child born with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Which statement should the nurse include in her teaching regarding this defect?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) involves four cardiac defects, as described in option B: pulmonic stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defect, and an overriding aorta. These four defects result in mixing of oxygen-poor and oxygen-rich blood in the heart, leading to decreased oxygen levels in the blood that is pumped to the body. This characteristic results in cyanosis (blue discoloration of the skin). Providing accurate information about the specific defects involved in TOF helps parents understand the complexity and potential complications associated with their child's condition. This knowledge can aid in their ability to recognize symptoms and seek timely medical intervention when needed.

Question 5 of 5

A patient with gout asks, �Why is my blood being examined for uric acid?� How should the nurse respond to this patient?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct response is D, �A uric acid test is done to see if your gout medication is effective.� Uric acid is a waste product formed from the breakdown of purines, substances found in certain foods and also produced by the body. In conditions like gout, there is an abnormal accumulation of uric acid in the blood, leading to the formation of urate crystals in the joints, causing pain and inflammation. Monitoring uric acid levels helps in assessing the effectiveness of gout medications in lowering uric acid levels and preventing gout attacks. This test is essential for patients with gout to ensure that their treatment is working effectively and to prevent complications related to high uric acid levels like kidney stones and kidney damage.

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