Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypocortisolism. After a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy, the pituitary gland is removed or partially removed, leading to decreased cortisol production. Signs of hypocortisolism include weakness, fatigue, hypotension, weight loss, and electrolyte imbalances. Hyperglycemia (B) is not typically associated with this procedure. Hypoglycemia (C) is not a common concern post-hypophysectomy. Hypercalcemia (D) is not directly related to pituitary gland removal. Therefore, assessing for hypocortisolism is crucial for early detection and management post-surgery.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because shampooing the hair thoroughly helps remove oil and dirt, which can interfere with the CT scan results. By having clean hair, the scan can produce clearer images. Choice B is incorrect because some preparation is needed for a CT scan, especially regarding cleanliness. Choice C is incorrect as giving a cleansing enema and fluids until 8 AM is not necessary for a CT scan of the head. Choice D is incorrect as shaving the scalp and attaching electrodes are not part of routine preparation for a CT scan.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Aphasia. Aphasia is a language disorder that affects a person's ability to communicate and understand speech. In this case, Mr. Dela Isla's difficulty in comprehending what the nurse was saying indicates a problem with language processing, which aligns with the symptoms of aphasia. Insomnia (A) is a sleep disorder, not related to language comprehension. Agnosia (B) is a perception disorder where someone cannot recognize objects or people, not related to language. Apraxia (C) is a motor disorder affecting the ability to perform purposeful movements, not related to language comprehension.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because it acknowledges the client's value as an individual by directly addressing them and asking about their own self-care practices, which respects their autonomy and personhood. Choice A focuses on the client's father rather than the client themselves. Choice B addresses the daughter, not the client, and implies a lack of prioritization of the client's needs. Choice D is dismissive and does not recognize the client's capacity to communicate, undermining their dignity.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: - A: Diuretics are not necessary before the test and may affect test results. - B: Dehydration is not recommended before the test as it can impact cardiac function. - C: Medication to relieve cough is necessary to reduce any potential interference with the scan. - D: Administering analgesics is not required for the test and may not be relevant to the client's condition.