ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation

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ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation Questions

Question 1 of 5

After teaching a client to increase dietary potassium intake, a nurse assesses the client's understanding. Which dietary meal selection indicates the client correctly understands the teaching?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because it includes foods high in potassium. Raisins, whole wheat toast, and milk are good sources of potassium. Sausage might contain some potassium as well. A: This option lacks potassium-rich foods. B: While strawberries have some potassium, the overall meal lacks a sufficient amount. D: While oatmeal and peaches have potassium, coffee can actually inhibit potassium absorption.

Question 2 of 5

A nurse is caring for clients with electrolyte imbalances on a medical-surgical unit. Which clinical manifestations are correctly paired with the contributing electrolyte imbalance? (Select all that do not apply.)

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because hyperphosphatemia can lead to paresthesia with sensations of tingling and numbness due to its effect on nerve function. A, hypokalemia causes muscle weakness but not flaccid paralysis with respiratory depression. C, hyponatremia typically presents with symptoms such as confusion and seizures, not decreased level of consciousness.

Question 3 of 5

You are caring for a patient who is being treated on the oncology unit with a diagnosis of lung cancer with bone metastases. During your assessment, you note the patient complains of a new onset of weakness with abdominal pain. Further assessment suggests that the patient likely has a fluid volume deficit. You should recognize that this patient may be experiencing what electrolyte imbalance?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypercalcemia. Bone metastases in lung cancer can lead to increased release of calcium into the blood, causing hypercalcemia. The patient's symptoms of weakness and abdominal pain are consistent with hypercalcemia. Hypernatremia (choice A) is unlikely as the symptoms do not align with high sodium levels. Hypomagnesemia (choice B) and hypophosphatemia (choice C) are less likely as they are not typically associated with bone metastases in lung cancer. In summary, the patient's presentation of weakness and abdominal pain in the setting of lung cancer with bone metastases points to hypercalcemia as the most likely electrolyte imbalance.

Question 4 of 5

A patient has questioned the nurses administration of IV normal saline, asking whether sterile water would be a more appropriate choice than saltwater. Under what circumstances would the nurse administer electrolyte-free water intravenously?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because electrolyte-free water, such as sterile water, can rapidly enter red blood cells due to osmotic differences, causing them to swell and potentially rupture, leading to hemolysis. This can result in severe harm to the patient. Choice B is incorrect because electrolyte-free water is not indicated for severely dehydrated patients with neurologic signs and symptoms. They require electrolytes to correct their imbalances. Choice C is incorrect as administering electrolyte-free water would not address excess calcium and/or magnesium ions in the body. Specific treatments for hypercalcemia or hypermagnesemia are needed. Choice D is incorrect because patients with fluid deficits due to renal failure require electrolyte-balanced solutions to manage their condition effectively. Electrolyte-free water would not address the electrolyte imbalances associated with renal failure.

Question 5 of 5

While assessing a clients peripheral IV site, the nurse observes a streak of red along the vein path and palpates a 4-cm venous cord. How should the nurse document this finding?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Grade 3 phlebitis at IV site. This finding indicates inflammation of the vein due to irritants from the IV catheter, supported by red streak and palpable cord. Grade 3 phlebitis involves pain, redness, swelling, and palpable venous cord. Infection (B) typically presents with signs like pus, warmth, and fever. Thrombosis (C) involves a blood clot, not a palpable cord. Infiltration (D) is leakage of IV fluid into surrounding tissues, not related to palpable cord and red streak.

Similar Questions

While assessing a clients peripheral IV site, the nurse observes a streak of red along the vein path and palpates a 4-cm venous cord. How should the nurse document this finding?
. A medical nurse educator is reviewing a patients recent episode of metabolic acidosis with members of the nursing staff. What should the educator describe about the role of the kidneys in metabolic acidosis?
A nurse is caring for a client who has a serum calcium level of 14 mg/dL. Which provider order should the nurse implement first?
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is admitted with moderate dehydration. Which intervention should the nurse implement to prevent injury while in the hospital?
. A nurse assesses a client who had an intraosseous catheter placed in the left leg. Which assessment finding is of greatest concern?

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