A toddler is displaying signs/symptoms of weakness and muscle atrophy. The pediatric neurologist suspects it may be a lower motor neuron disease called spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The client's family asks how he got this. The nurse will respond:- Skildor

Question 1 of 5

A toddler is displaying signs/symptoms of weakness and muscle atrophy. The pediatric neurologist suspects it may be a lower motor neuron disease called spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The client's family asks how he got this. The nurse will respond:

A. This could result from playing in soil and then ingesting bacteria that is now attaching his motor neurons. B. No one really knows how this disease is formed. We just know that in time, he may grow out of it. C. This is a degenerative disorder that tends to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. D. This is a segmental demyelination disorder that affects all nerve roots and eventually all muscle groups as well.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an inherited disorder, often autosomal recessive, that affects lower motor neurons.

Question 2 of 5

A male patient receiving androgen therapy is concerned about side effects. What is the most serious adverse effect the nurse should monitor for during this therapy?

A. Increased risk of cardiovascular events B. Increased risk of bone fractures C. Increased risk of venous thromboembolism D. Increased risk of mood changes

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Androgen therapy can increase the risk of cardiovascular events, including heart attack and stroke, particularly in older patients.

Question 3 of 5

After studying about fungi, which information indicates a correct understanding of fungi? Fungi causing deep or systemic infections:

A. Are easily treated with penicillin B. Are extremely rare C. Never occur with other infections D. Are commonly opportunistic

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Fungi causing deep or systemic infections are commonly opportunistic, especially in immunocompromised individuals.

Question 4 of 5

A patient is starting on oral contraceptives. What important point should the nurse emphasize about taking the medication consistently?

A. Oral contraceptives must be taken at the same time each day to maintain consistent hormone levels and ensure effectiveness. B. Oral contraceptives should be taken in the morning to avoid side effects at night. C. Oral contraceptives should be taken with food to enhance absorption. D. Oral contraceptives can be skipped occasionally without significant consequences.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Oral contraceptives must be taken at the same time each day to maintain consistent hormone levels and ensure effectiveness in preventing pregnancy.

Question 5 of 5

What action is specific to hormonal contraceptives and should be taught to this woman?

A. The cervical mucus is made resistant to penetration by sperm. B. The release of follicle-stimulating hormone is increased to block fertility. C. The maturation of the endometrial lining is activated by the contraceptive. D. The pituitary gland increases the synthesis and release of luteinizing hormone.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct action specific to hormonal contraceptives that should be taught to the woman is that they alter cervical mucus to prevent sperm penetration. This mechanism helps in preventing pregnancy by reducing the chances of sperm reaching the egg. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Choice B is inaccurate as hormonal contraceptives work by inhibiting ovulation rather than increasing follicle-stimulating hormone release. Choice C is incorrect as hormonal contraceptives do not activate the maturation of the endometrial lining; instead, they modify it to prevent implantation. Choice D is also incorrect as hormonal contraceptives do not stimulate the pituitary gland to increase luteinizing hormone synthesis and release.

ATI Pathophysiology

Skildor

ATI RN

ATI RN

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