Contemporary Issues in Nursing

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Meta-analysis. In this scenario, the nurse researcher is combining and analyzing data from multiple studies on life satisfaction among hemodialysis patients to draw overall conclusions. Meta-analysis allows for generalization through synthesizing results from various studies, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the topic. Incorrect choices: A: Quasi-experimental - This involves manipulating variables to observe their effects, which is not the case in the given scenario. B: Secondary analysis - This refers to re-analyzing existing data, not multiple studies as in meta-analysis. D: Survey - Surveys involve collecting data directly from participants, whereas in this case, existing studies are being analyzed.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Inclusiveness. In this scenario, the nurse is evaluating if Levin's Theory of Conservation includes all the concepts related to energy, structural integrity, personal integrity, and social integrity in the care of cancer treatment. Inclusiveness as a criterion of theory acceptance involves determining if a theory encompasses all relevant concepts and variables within a certain domain. By ensuring that all key components are addressed, the theory can be considered comprehensive and applicable to various situations. Choice B: Consistency, refers to the internal logical coherence of a theory, which is not the focus of the nurse's evaluation in this case. Choice C: Accuracy, pertains to the degree to which a theory accurately reflects reality, which is not directly related to the nurse's current evaluation. Choice D: Fruitfulness, involves the ability of a theory to generate new research and insights, which is not the primary concern for the nurse's assessment of the theory's applicability to cancer treatment.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: phenomenology. Phenomenology focuses on exploring and understanding individuals' lived experiences to uncover the essence of a phenomenon. In this case, the nurse is interested in understanding the meaning of surviving polio from the perspective of those diagnosed with the disease. By reflecting on the data and identifying common themes, the researcher aims to capture the essence of the human experience of surviving polio. Grounded theory (A) is a method used to develop theories from data, not necessarily focusing on the lived experience. Ethnography (B) involves studying cultures and societies, which is not directly aligned with understanding individual experiences. Case study (D) typically focuses on in-depth analysis of a specific individual or group, rather than exploring common themes across individuals' experiences.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: philosophy. This statement reflects the fundamental beliefs and values that guide the practice of nursing. It outlines the core principles of nursing, emphasizing caring and promoting health. A concept (A) refers to a general idea or notion. A construct (B) is an abstract idea or theory. A model (D) is a representation or framework used to explain a phenomenon. In this case, the statement is more aligned with a philosophy as it encapsulates the overarching principles and purpose of nursing practice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Provide incentives for minorities and men to enter nursing. This is because increasing diversity in the nursing profession can help address shortages and improve patient care. Incentives can attract underrepresented groups and address disparities. A, determining why few black women enter graduate school, may address a specific subgroup but not the broader issue of nursing shortages. C, obtaining grant funding for faculty and scholarships, may help improve education opportunities but may not directly address the retention and recruitment of nurses. D, surveying nurses about job satisfaction, is important but may not directly address attracting more nurses into the profession or keeping them in practice.