Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 9th Edition Test Bank

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it is important for the nurse to communicate directly with the patient, especially when the patient is alert and oriented. Speaking only to the patient's daughter may undermine the patient's autonomy and dignity. It is crucial for the nurse to establish rapport and build a therapeutic relationship with the patient. Making eye contact with the patient (choice A) is a good nonverbal communication technique. Leaning forward while talking with the patient (choice C) shows attentiveness and engagement. Nodding periodically while the patient is speaking (choice D) demonstrates active listening and encourages the patient to continue sharing. However, speaking only to the patient's daughter (choice B) is the incorrect choice as it neglects the patient's role in the conversation and may lead to potential issues in communication and patient-centered care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it provides a specific action (offering water) at regular intervals (every 2 hours) to promote hydration, which is a clear and measurable nursing intervention. Choice A is too prescriptive and lacks flexibility. Choice C is reactive and not proactive. Choice D is vague and lacks specific guidance on how to achieve the desired outcome. By offering water consistently, the nurse ensures proactive care and helps meet the client's hydration needs effectively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (A): Most AIDS patients with multiple opportunistic infections die due to a weakened immune system impairing response to therapy. When the immune system is compromised, the body struggles to fight off infections effectively, even with treatment. This results in the infections becoming more severe and ultimately leading to death. Summary of Other Choices: B: Weakened immune system impairs resistance to infection - While this is true, it doesn�t directly address the cause of death in AIDS patients with multiple infections. C: Infection cannot be treated effectively - This is not entirely accurate as infections can be treated, but the weakened immune system hinders the response to treatment. Overall, Choice A is the most accurate as it directly links the weakened immune system to the inability to respond effectively to therapy, leading to fatal outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Communicating the client�s progress to the interdisciplinary team. During the evaluation phase, the nurse plays a crucial role in ensuring continuity of care by effectively communicating the client�s progress to the interdisciplinary team. This action allows for collaborative decision-making based on the latest information, promotes coordination of care, and ensures that all team members are informed and involved in the client's care plan. Rewriting the care plan (A) is important but may not be the most immediate action during the evaluation phase. Reassessing the client (C) is valuable for gathering additional data but may not directly contribute to continuity of care during this phase. Providing emotional support (D) is essential but may not specifically address continuity of care during evaluation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because antimetabolites interfere with the synthesis of nucleic acids (RNA and/or DNA), affecting multiple stages of RNA and DNA synthesis. This disruption hinders cell division and leads to cell death. Choices A and B are incorrect because antimetabolites do not specifically target cell division during the M phase or normal cellular processes during the S phase. Choice C is also incorrect because antimetabolites primarily target nucleic acid synthesis rather than altering the chemical structure of DNA or the binding between DNA molecules.