Pharmacology and the Nursing Process Test Bank

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because Buck's extension traction is not used definitively to treat fractures in children due to their growing bones. Instead, it is used temporarily in adults to control muscle spasm and pain. - A: Correct - Buck's extension traction is indeed used temporarily in adults to control muscle spasm and pain. - B: Correct - Buck's extension traction is applied by an orthopedic surgeon under aseptic conditions using wires and pins. - C: Correct - The pulling force in Buck's extension traction is indeed transmitted to the musculoskeletal structures. Therefore, the incorrect option is D as Buck's extension traction is not used definitively to treat fractures in children.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Check his airway. Ensuring a patent airway is the priority in trauma care to maintain oxygenation and ventilation. With the patient unconscious and bleeding profusely, airway obstruction or compromise is a critical concern. By checking the airway first, the nurse can quickly assess and address any immediate threats to the patient's breathing. Stopping the bleeding (choice A) can be addressed once the airway is secured. Taking vital signs (choice B) and finding out what happened from eyewitnesses (choice D) can be important but are secondary to ensuring the patient's airway is clear and unobstructed.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because data validation involves comparing data with other sources to ensure accuracy. This process helps in identifying any discrepancies or errors in the data. By cross-referencing with other sources, the nurse can verify the correctness of the data. Rationale: 1. Data validation checks the accuracy of the data by comparing it with external sources. 2. Data interpretation involves analyzing and making sense of the data, not comparing it with other sources. 3. Option A is incorrect because data validation typically comes after data collection and precedes data interpretation. 4. Option B is incorrect as validation does not specifically involve looking for patterns in professional standards. 5. Option D is incorrect because data interpretation focuses on understanding trends and insights from the data, not patterns in professional standards.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, notifying the health care provider. This is the most appropriate initial intervention because chest pain can be a symptom of a serious medical condition like a heart attack. The health care provider needs to be informed immediately to assess the situation and provide appropriate treatment. Reassessing the patient (A) may delay crucial medical intervention. Administering pain medication (C) without knowing the cause of chest pain can be dangerous. Calling radiology for a chest x-ray (D) is not the initial step in managing new onset chest pain.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Is written as a two-part statement. This is because a nursing diagnosis typically consists of two parts: the problem (risk for aspiration) and the related factor (reduced level of consciousness). By using a two-part statement, the nurse clearly identifies the client's current health problem and the underlying reason for it. This format helps in developing appropriate nursing interventions to address the issue. Choice B is incorrect because the nursing diagnosis does not describe the client's response to a health problem; it identifies the potential risk for aspiration. Choice C is incorrect as the diagnosis does not focus on enhancement but rather on potential harm. Choice D is incorrect because the nursing diagnosis is based on the available evidence of the client's reduced level of consciousness, which poses a risk for aspiration.