Test Bank Physical Examination and Health Assessment

Questions 27

ATI RN

ATI RN Test Bank

Test Bank Physical Examination and Health Assessment Questions

Question 1 of 5

You are seeing an elderly man with multiple complaints. He has chronic arthritis, pain from an old war injury, and headaches. Today he complains of these pains, as well as dull chest pain under his sternum. What would the order of priority be for your problem list?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct order of priority for the problem list in this case would be chest pain, headaches, arthritis, and war injury pain. Chest pain should always be a priority as it could indicate a serious or life-threatening condition such as a heart attack. Headaches, while important, are less urgent than chest pain. Arthritis can generally be managed without immediate intervention, making it a lower priority. Finally, the pain from the old war injury, while significant, is not as urgent as the other complaints.

Question 2 of 5

Dawn is a 55-year-old woman who comes in today for her yearly wellness examination. You carefully perform the rectal examination in the lithotomy position and feel a mass against the bowel wall which is firm and immobile. Which of the following is most likely?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The presence of a firm and immobile mass felt against the bowel wall during a rectal examination is concerning for a potential malignancy, such as colon cancer. Other conditions such as hemorrhoids or anal fissures are typically not associated with a mass that is firm and immobile. The "Valve of Houston" is a term that does not pertain to this scenario and is not a recognized medical entity. Therefore, the most likely diagnosis based on the given information is colon cancer, and further evaluation such as a colonoscopy would be warranted for definitive diagnosis and management.

Question 3 of 5

Linda is a 29-year-old who had excruciating pain which started under her lower ribs on the right side. The pain eventually moved to her lateral abdomen and then into her right lower quadrant. Which is most likely, given this presentation?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The progression of excruciating pain starting under the lower ribs on the right side, then moving to the lateral abdomen, and finally settling in the right lower quadrant is classic for appendicitis. Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, a small tube-like structure attached to the cecum (beginning of the large intestine). The pain typically starts around the umbilicus and then migrates to the right lower quadrant, where the appendix is located. Other symptoms that may accompany appendicitis include fever, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and tenderness at McBurney's point (a specific area in the abdomen). It is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention to avoid complications such as perforation and peritonitis.

Question 4 of 5

Mr. Curtiss has a history of obesity, diabetes, osteoarthritis of the knees, HTN, and obstructive sleep apnea. His BMI is 43 and he has been discouraged by his difficulty in losing weight. He is also discouraged that his goal weight is 158 pounds away. What would you tell him?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Weight loss can have a significant impact on the health problems associated with obesity. Even a modest weight loss of around 10% can lead to noticeable improvements in conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, osteoarthritis, and obstructive sleep apnea. Encouraging Mr. Curtiss to focus on achieving a meaningful but achievable goal, such as a 10% weight loss, can help him experience positive changes in his health and overall wellbeing, even if his ultimate goal weight seems far away. This approach can also help to boost his motivation and confidence in his ability to make progress towards better health.

Question 5 of 5

Which of the following occurs in respiratory distress?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In respiratory distress, the skin between the ribs moves inward with inspiration, a phenomenon known as retractions. This is a sign of increased work of breathing as the body tries to pull in more air due to difficulty in breathing. The inward movement of the skin between the ribs indicates that the individual is not able to generate enough negative pressure in the chest cavity to inhale properly. This can be seen in conditions such as asthma, pneumonia, or other respiratory issues. Skin retractions are a concerning sign and may indicate a severe respiratory compromise that requires immediate medical attention. The other options listed do not specifically describe a characteristic of respiratory distress.

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