You are beginning the examination of a patient. All of the following areas are important to observe as part of the General Survey except:- Skildor

Question 1 of 5

You are beginning the examination of a patient. All of the following areas are important to observe as part of the General Survey except:

A. Level of consciousness B. Signs of distress C. Dress, grooming, and personal hygiene D. Blood pressure

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Blood pressure is not typically included in the initial assessment during the General Survey. The General Survey primarily focuses on obtaining an overall impression of the patient's health status and any noticeable cues such as level of consciousness, signs of distress, and appearance including dress, grooming, and personal hygiene. While blood pressure is an important vital sign to assess during a comprehensive examination, it is usually measured later in the assessment process and not part of the initial general observation.

Question 2 of 5

A 55-year-old bank teller comes to your office for persistent episodes of dizziness. The first episode started suddenly and lasted 3 to 4 hours. He experienced a lot of nausea with vomiting; the episode resolved spontaneously. He has had five episodes in the past 1½ weeks. He does note some tinnitus that comes and goes. Upon physical examination, you note that he has a normal gait. The Weber localizes to the right side and the air conduction is equal to the bone conduction in the right ear. Nystagmus is present. Based on this description, what is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Benign positional vertigo B. Vestibular neuronitis C. Meni�re's disease D. Acoustic neuroma

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The clinical presentation described in the case, including recurrent episodes of dizziness, nausea with vomiting, tinnitus, nystagmus, and normal gait, is suggestive of Meni�re's disease. Meni�re's disease is a disorder of the inner ear characterized by episodes of vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness. The presence of tinnitus, episodic vertigo lasting for several hours, and nystagmus are key features that point towards Meni�re's disease. The Weber test result (localization to the right ear) can also be seen in Meni�re's disease due to sensorineural hearing loss in the affected ear. This set of symptoms and findings is more consistent with Meni�re's disease than the other options provided. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) typically presents with brief episodes of vertigo triggered by changes in

Question 3 of 5

Asymmetric BPs are seen in which of the following conditions?

A. Coronary artery disease B. Congenital narrowing of the aorta C. Diffuse atherosclerosis D. Vasculitis, as seen in systemic lupus erythematosus

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Asymmetric blood pressures (BPs) refer to a significant difference in blood pressures between the two arms. This is commonly seen in conditions like congenital narrowing of the aorta, also known as coarctation of the aorta. In this condition, there is a localized narrowing of the aorta, leading to higher blood pressure in the upper extremities compared to the lower extremities. This results in a significant asymmetry in blood pressure readings between the arms. It is crucial to identify this sign as it can have important diagnostic and treatment implications.

Question 4 of 5

A patient complains of shortness of breath for the past few days. On examination, you note late inspiratory crackles in the lower third of the chest that were not present a week ago. What is the most likely explanation for these?

A. Asthma B. COPD C. Bronchiectasis D. Heart failure

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The presence of late inspiratory crackles in the lower third of the chest that were not present previously is suggestive of pulmonary edema, a common finding in patients with heart failure. Heart failure can lead to fluid accumulation in the lungs, causing crackles on auscultation. These crackles are typically heard at the lung bases and can be more prominent during inspiration. Other clinical features of heart failure may include orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, lower extremity edema, and fatigue. Therefore, in this case, the most likely explanation for the patient's shortness of breath with late inspiratory crackles is heart failure.

Question 5 of 5

A young woman undergoes cranial nerve testing. On touching the soft palate, her uvula deviates to the left. Which of the following is likely?

A. CN IX lesion on the left B. CN IX lesion on the right C. CN X lesion on the left D. CN X lesion on the right

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When the uvula deviates to one side upon touching the soft palate, it indicates a dysfunction of the vagus nerve (CN X) on the side toward which the uvula deviates. In this case, the uvula deviates to the left, suggesting a lesion affecting the left CN X. This is because the palate and uvula are innervated by the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X), and damage to this nerve may result in an asymmetric elevation or deviation of the uvula upon stimulation. Therefore, a CN X lesion on the left side is the most likely explanation for the observed deviation of the uvula in this scenario.

Similar Questions

A young woman undergoes cranial nerve testing. On touching the soft palate, her uvula deviates to the left. Which of the following is likely?

A 27-year-old policewoman comes to your clinic, complaining of severe left-sided back pain radiating down into her groin. It began in the middle of the night and woke her up suddenly. It hurts in her bladder to urinate but she has no burning on the outside. She has had no frequency or urgency with urination but she has seen blood in her urine. She has had nausea with the pain but no vomiting or fever. She denies any other recent illness or injuries. Her past medical history is unremarkable. She denies tobacco or drug use and drinks alcohol rarely. Her mother has high blood pressure and her father is healthy. On examination she looks her stated age and is in obvious pain. She is lying on her left side trying to remain very still. Her cardiac, pulmonary, and abdominal examinations are unremarkable. She has tenderness just inferior to the left costovertebral angle. Her urine pregnancy test is negative and her urine analysis shows red blood cells. What type of urinary tract pain is she most likely to have?

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A 25-year-old accountant presents to your clinic, complaining of intermittent lower right- sided chest pain for several days. He describes it as knifelike and states it only lasts for 3 to 5 seconds, taking his breath away. He states he feels like he has to breathe shallowly to keep it from recurring. The only thing that makes it better is lying quietly on his right side. It is much worse when he takes a deep breath. He has taken some Tylenol and put a heating pad on his side but neither has helped. He remembers that 2 weeks ago he had an upper respiratory infection with a severe hacking cough. He denies any recent trauma. His past medical history is unremarkable. His parents and siblings are in good health. He has recently married, and his wife has a baby due in 2 months. He denies any smoking or illegal drug use. He drinks two to three beers once a month. He states that he eats a healthy diet and runs regularly, but not since his recent illness. He denies any cardiac, gastrointestinal, or musculoskeletal symptoms. On examination he is lying on his right side but appears quite comfortable. His temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and respirations are unremarkable. His chest has normal breath sounds on auscultation. Percussion of the chest is unremarkable. During palpation the ribs are nontender. What disorder of the chest best describes his symptoms?

Physical Assessment Nursing Practice Questions

Skildor

ATI RN