Fundamentals of Nursing Nursing Process Questions

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Efferent. Efferent neurons transmit signals from the central nervous system to muscles and glands, controlling movement and secretion. Afferent neurons carry signals from sensory receptors to the central nervous system, not towards muscles or glands. "Affective" relates to emotions, not neural function. "Effective" does not describe the direction of signal transmission in the nervous system. Therefore, B is the correct choice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Urine output increases. This indicates digoxin's effectiveness as it improves cardiac output by enhancing contraction strength. Increased urine output signifies improved kidney perfusion due to enhanced cardiac function. Option A is incorrect as decreased urine output indicates poor kidney perfusion. Option B is incorrect as digoxin aims to regulate heart rate, not necessarily make it higher than 95. Option D is incorrect as a heart rate lower than 50 could indicate digoxin toxicity.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: radiation therapy. Radiation therapy uses high-energy radiation to target and destroy cancer cells while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. It is a localized treatment that is effective in shrinking tumors and preventing cancer cell growth. Surgery (A) involves physically removing the tumor and surrounding tissues, while chemotherapy (C) uses drugs to kill cancer cells throughout the body. Palliative treatment (D) focuses on symptom management and improving quality of life in advanced stages of cancer. In this case, the focus is on a form of cancer therapy involving high-energy electromagnetic radiation, making radiation therapy the most appropriate choice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Evaluation. After implementing nursing interventions based on priority diagnoses, the nurse must evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions to determine if the desired outcomes have been achieved. Evaluation is crucial to assess the progress, make necessary modifications, and ensure the effectiveness of the care provided. Assessment (A) is already completed before interventions are carried out. Planning (B) involves developing a care plan based on assessment findings. Implementation (C) is the actual carrying out of the interventions. Therefore, the next step after implementing nursing interventions is to evaluate their effectiveness.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because during outcome identification and planning, it is crucial to prioritize problems that require immediate attention to ensure patient safety and well-being. By asking what problems need immediate attention, nurses can focus on addressing urgent issues first. Choice A focuses on data clustering for problem identification, choice C is related to defining characteristics for nursing diagnoses, and choice D pertains to documentation, which are important but not directly related to prioritizing immediate problems.