Fundamentals Nursing Process Questions

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Neutrophil. Neutrophils are the most numerous type of WBC, typically comprising 50-70% of total WBC count. They are key players in the body's immune response, phagocytizing pathogens. Basophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes are less numerous than neutrophils. Basophils are involved in allergic reactions, eosinophils combat parasitic infections, and lymphocytes play a critical role in adaptive immunity. However, in terms of sheer numbers, neutrophils outnumber the other types of WBC.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because tension headaches typically present as a feeling of pressure or steady constriction on both sides of the head. This is due to muscle tension in the head and neck. Choice A is incorrect as sensitivity to light is more characteristic of migraines. Choice C is incorrect as unilateral paralysis is not typically associated with tension headaches. Choice D is incorrect as vague headache especially peri orbital is not a common symptom of tension headaches. Therefore, the best description of discomfort experienced by a client with a tension headache is the pressure or steady constriction on both sides of the head.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice A is correct: 1. The American Cancer Society recommends yearly mammograms after age 40 for early breast cancer detection. 2. Mammograms are most effective for women aged 40 and older in detecting breast cancer. 3. Regular mammograms can help detect breast cancer at an early stage, improving treatment outcomes. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B: Mammograms should start at age 40, not after the birth of the first child. C: Mammograms are not recommended after the first menstrual period; they should start at age 40. D: Mammograms should be done annually after age 40, not every 3 years between ages 20 and 40.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Axon. The axon is the part of the neuron that transmits impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons, muscles, or glands. Its structure allows for the rapid transmission of electrical signals. Rationale: 1. Dendrites receive signals and transmit them towards the cell body, so A is incorrect. 2. Neurolemma is the outermost layer of a Schwann cell, not a part of the neuron responsible for transmitting impulses, so B is incorrect. 3. The synapse is the junction between two neurons where communication occurs, not a part of the neuron transmitting impulses, so D is incorrect.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer oxygen therapy. This is the priority intervention because a high temperature and diaphoresis indicate potential respiratory distress. Oxygen therapy can help improve oxygenation and support respiratory function. Providing frequent linen changes (B) is important for hygiene but not the priority. Fluid intake (C) is essential but not as urgent as addressing respiratory distress. Maintaining complete bed rest (D) may be necessary but addressing oxygenation takes precedence in this case.