Adult Health Nursing Quizlet Final

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The Somogyi effect, also known as rebound hyperglycemia, is a phenomenon observed in patients with diabetes mellitus during sleep. It is characterized by a low blood sugar level (hypoglycemia) followed by high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) in the morning. This occurs due to limited insulin in the body during the night, leading to high blood sugar levels in the morning as a response to the hypoglycemia episode. Too much globulin or albumin are not directly associated with the Somogyi effect. Increasing insulin in the body would rather help prevent the hypoglycemia episode that triggers the rebound hyperglycemia in the Somogyi effect.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The response indicating Annie's present condition would be option A. This is because the symptoms mentioned in option A, such as experiencing vertigo, nausea, and nystagmus when sitting, point towards a vestibular disorder. These are symptoms commonly associated with conditions like Meniere's disease or vestibular neuritis, which can cause balance issues and feelings of dizziness. These symptoms are more indicative of Annie's current health status compared to the other options which focus on past or unrelated issues, such as ear pain during travel or impaired hearing since birth. The information provided in option A gives a more direct insight into Annie's present condition, making it the most appropriate response.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a temporary episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary disruption in blood supply to the brain. The symptoms of a TIA typically last for a short period of time, usually less than 1 hour. In some cases, the symptoms may last up to 24 hours but generally resolve within a shorter time frame. It is important for healthcare providers to recognize the symptoms of a TIA promptly and assess the patient for appropriate management to prevent the risk of a full-blown stroke.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Acute appendicitis is the most likely cause of the symptoms described in the pregnant woman. The classic presentation of acute appendicitis includes fever, chills, abdominal pain localized to the right lower quadrant, rebound tenderness, and guarding. Pregnant women are at a slightly higher risk of developing appendicitis due to anatomic changes and increased abdominal pressure during pregnancy, which can lead to an atypical presentation of symptoms. Prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial to prevent complications such as perforation, which can be detrimental for both the mother and the fetus.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Acute narrow-angle glaucoma is a medical emergency that requires timely intervention to reduce intraocular pressure. Acetazolamide (Diamox) is a medication commonly used to treat this condition as it works as a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, reducing the production of aqueous humor in the eye. By reducing the production of aqueous humor, acetazolamide helps decrease intraocular pressure rapidly, which is crucial in managing acute narrow-angle glaucoma. Other options listed, such as Furosemide (Lasix), Atropine, and Urokinase (Abbokinase), are not typically used in the treatment of acute narrow-angle glaucoma.