Nursing Process Exam Questions

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: with coercion. Informed consent must be freely given without any form of coercion to ensure the individual's autonomy and decision-making capacity. Coercion can lead to involuntary consent, undermining the principle of respect for autonomy. Choices A, C, and D are all criteria for valid informed consent. Choice A ensures the individual is voluntarily agreeing without any external pressure. Choice C ensures the individual understands the procedures involved, promoting transparency. Choice D ensures the individual is aware of alternative options, allowing for an informed decision-making process.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: 1. A: Blood pressure apparatus is essential to monitor for any signs of bleeding or clot formation after carotid angioplasty. 2. B: IV infusion stand is important but not the priority for immediate postoperative monitoring. 3. C: Call bell is important for the client to call for assistance but not the priority for immediate postoperative care. 4. D: Endotracheal intubation is not necessary after a carotid angioplasty and is not a priority item for bedside care. Summary: Monitoring blood pressure is crucial for detecting complications post carotid angioplasty. IV stand, call bell, and endotracheal intubation are important but not the priority in this scenario.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because an ELISA test for antibodies is crucial to detect HIV infection early. This test can help diagnose HIV before symptoms appear, allowing for early intervention and treatment. Choice A is important but not specific to HIV prevention. Choice B is irrelevant for HIV prevention. Choice D, while important, should not take precedence over getting tested for HIV.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: immediately administer pain relief. After a lobectomy, the patient may experience significant pain due to the surgical incision and chest tube insertion. Providing prompt pain relief is crucial to ensure the patient's comfort and prevent complications such as shallow breathing or limited mobility. This action will also aid in the patient's early recovery and promote better outcomes. Choice B (keep patient in semi-fowler's position) is not the priority upon arrival from the Post Anesthesia Care Unit as pain management takes precedence. Choice C (turn client every hour) is important for preventing complications but is not the immediate action required upon arrival. Choice D (notify the family to report patient's condition) is important but not as urgent as providing pain relief to the patient.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Maintenance of a clear airway. In cases of coma or unconsciousness, ensuring a clear airway is crucial to prevent respiratory complications and maintain oxygenation. This involves positioning the patient correctly, suctioning if necessary, and monitoring breathing. Choice B, good nursing care, is too broad and does not address the immediate priority of airway management. Choice C, retention of a catheter, is irrelevant to managing a coma or unconsciousness. Therefore, the correct therapeutic measure in this scenario is to focus on maintaining a clear airway to support respiratory function.