Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 9th Edition Test Bank

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Report sudden onset of acute pain. This is the highest priority because sudden onset of acute pain postoperatively can indicate a serious complication such as hemorrhage or infection. Prompt reporting allows for timely intervention to prevent further complications. A: Do not leave the patient unattended at any time - While important for safety, it is not the highest priority compared to addressing sudden onset of acute pain. B: Teach the patient not to bend over - Important for preventing complications postoperatively, but not as urgent as addressing sudden onset of acute pain. D: Apply sandbags to either side of the head - This intervention is not typically indicated for postoperative eye patients and would not address the potential serious complication of sudden onset of acute pain.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: White patches on the tonsils. Group A streptococci infection commonly presents with exudative tonsillitis, characterized by the presence of white patches or pus on the tonsils. This is due to the inflammatory response triggered by the bacteria. Hypertrophied tonsils (B), hemorrhage in the tonsils (C), and bleeding in the tonsils (D) are less likely to be visual signs of a streptococcal infection and are more indicative of other conditions or complications. Therefore, white patches on the tonsils are the most specific visual sign associated with group A streptococci tonsillar infection.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Counseling about respite care options. This intervention is most appropriate as it addresses the issue of role strain by providing the family member with support and options for temporary relief from caregiving responsibilities. Respite care allows the family member to take a break and recharge, reducing stress and preventing burnout. A: Assisting with activities of daily living is important but may not directly address the underlying issue of role strain. C: Teaching range-of-motion exercises is beneficial for physical well-being but does not directly address the emotional and psychological impact of role strain. D: Consulting with a social worker may be helpful for additional support but may not provide immediate relief or practical solutions for the family member's role strain.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because airborne pollens and molds are common triggers for allergic rhinitis. Understanding these triggers helps in avoiding exposure and managing symptoms. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not specifically relate to allergic rhinitis triggers, focusing instead on other forms of medication or topical applications. By understanding airborne triggers, the patient can take appropriate preventive measures.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice C is correct: 1. The lab value of K at 3.2 mEq/L indicates hypokalemia. 2. Digitalis can worsen hypokalemia and lead to toxicity. 3. Avoiding foods rich in potassium will prevent further lowering of potassium levels. 4. This intervention helps prevent potential digitalis toxicity in the client. Summary of why the other choices are incorrect: A. Stopping digitalis therapy abruptly can lead to rebound effects and worsen the condition. B. Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs are not relevant to the client's current lab values. D. While observing for digitalis toxicity is important, addressing the low potassium level is a more immediate concern in this scenario.