Ethics & Issues in Contemporary Nursing

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because when a nurse manager conducts a qualitative analysis of budget variances, they need to reconcile the underlying assumptions on which the budget was based with current conditions. This involves reviewing the initial budget assumptions to see if they still hold true and adjusting them accordingly. This step ensures that the budget remains relevant and accurate. A is incorrect because determining the percentage increase of supply usage does not involve a qualitative analysis of budget variances. B is incorrect because identifying the overall increase in the dollar amount of salaries paid for overtime is a quantitative analysis, not qualitative. C is incorrect because comparing productivity metrics across nursing units is a different type of analysis and not specifically related to budget variances.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: shock or rejection. This phase of reality shock is characterized by feelings of being overwhelmed, confused, and unsure of how to proceed despite having knowledge. The novice nurse is experiencing a sense of rejection towards the situation due to the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application. This phase is common among new healthcare professionals as they transition from academic learning to real-world clinical practice. A: Honeymoon phase refers to the initial period of excitement and enthusiasm in a new role. C: Recovery phase is when the individual starts to adapt and become more comfortable with the new role. D: Resolution phase is the final stage where the individual fully integrates into the role and becomes confident and competent. In this scenario, the novice nurse is clearly struggling and feeling overwhelmed, indicating that they are in the shock or rejection phase, making choice B the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Person Rationale: - The five rights of delegation are Right Task, Right Circumstances, Right Person, Right Direction/Communication, and Right Supervision. - In this scenario, choosing the Right Person means delegating tasks to individuals with appropriate skills and abilities, such as UAP assisting with oral hygiene. - This choice is correct as the nurse is delegating a task that falls within the UAP's scope of practice without requiring nursing process decisions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: patient-centered. This model focuses on meeting the individual patient's needs and preferences, involving them in decision-making, and providing care that is respectful and responsive to their values. In this scenario, the patient's decision to stop hemodialysis is respected, and palliative care is provided in alignment with his wishes. Partnerhsip (A) typically involves collaboration between healthcare providers and patients, which is not explicitly mentioned. Case management (C) focuses on coordinating services for complex cases, which is not the primary focus here. Total patient care (D) involves providing all aspects of care directly by the same nurse, which is not the main approach in this scenario.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Uniform Health Care Decisions Act. This act mandates hospitals to inquire if clients have a living will or durable power of attorney to ensure patients' healthcare wishes are honored. A: Emergency Treatment and Active Labor Law pertains to emergency care. B: Americans with Disabilities Act focuses on discrimination against individuals with disabilities. D: Doctrine of res ipsa loquitur involves negligence cases where the injury speaks for itself. Therefore, the correct choice is C as it directly addresses the requirement for hospitals receiving Medicare and Medicaid funds.