geriatric nursing practice questions

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Age-related changes in liver function. As people age, there are changes in liver metabolism and blood flow, affecting the processing of anesthetic agents. Liver function declines with age, leading to slower drug metabolism and clearance, increasing the risk of adverse reactions. Decreased muscle mass (A) may affect drug distribution but not metabolism. Decreased renal function (B) can impact drug excretion but is not the primary reason for adverse reactions. Increased body fat (C) can alter drug distribution but is not the main factor in anesthesia reactions for older adults.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: The thymus gland is responsible for producing T-cells, crucial for immune responses. As individuals age, the thymus gland shrinks and becomes less efficient, reducing the production of new T-cells. This decline in T-cell production weakens the immune response in older adults, making them more susceptible to infections. Therefore, choice B is correct. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Aging does not increase the production of white blood cells. In fact, the immune system may weaken with age due to a decline in key immune cells. C: Aging does not improve the body's ability to recognize and fight off pathogens. Instead, it often leads to a decline in immune function. D: While some inflammatory responses may increase with age, excessive inflammation can actually be harmful and contribute to age-related diseases, rather than providing protection.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because it highlights a common issue in nursing education where gerontological nursing content is often underrepresented, with less than 25% of the curriculum dedicated to geriatric care. This is accurate as many nursing programs prioritize other areas over gerontology. A is incorrect as gerontological nursing integration has historically been lacking in nursing curricula. B is incorrect because undergraduate programs often lack extensive coverage of gerontological nursing compared to other specialties like psychiatric nursing. D is incorrect as accreditation does not guarantee specific proportions of gerontological nursing content in the curriculum. Thus, choice C is the most accurate statement regarding gerontological nursing education.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Conduct interviews for specific interests. This intervention allows the nurse to tailor activities to the individual preferences of the older women, promoting engagement and a sense of autonomy. By conducting interviews, the nurse can identify each person's unique interests and preferences, ensuring that the activities planned are meaningful and enjoyable for them. This personalized approach enhances the overall well-being of the residents. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not focus on individual interests and preferences. While baking cookies, arranging pet visits, and attending library events can be enjoyable activities for some individuals, they may not be suitable or engaging for all residents in the specified age group and setting. These options lack the personalization and customization that conducting interviews for specific interests provides, making them less effective in meeting the diverse needs and preferences of the older women in the assisted-living facility.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Installing safety bars and removing tripping hazards. This strategy addresses environmental factors that contribute to falls in older adults. Safety bars provide support, while removing tripping hazards reduces the risk of accidents. Restricting mobility (choice A) can lead to muscle weakness and increase fall risk. Increasing medication dosages (choice C) can cause side effects like dizziness, increasing fall risk. Providing frequent sedation (choice D) can impair alertness and balance, also increasing fall risk. Thus, choice B is the most effective strategy to reduce falls by modifying the physical environment.