Critical Care Nursing Practice Questions

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because effective communication ensures that the patient's wishes and values are understood and respected, leading to informed decision-making. It also promotes shared decision-making among the patient, family, and healthcare team, enhancing the quality of care. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because while they are important aspects of end-of-life care, they do not address the core element of communication in facilitating meaningful and informed decisions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because guided imagery involves using the patient's imagination to focus on pleasant sensory experiences. This helps distract the patient from the current situation and reduces anxiety. By remembering tactile sensations of a pleasant experience, the patient can create a calming mental image. Choice A is incorrect because guided imagery does not require an external focus point like a picture. Choice B is incorrect because the technique does not involve staring at a focus point but rather focusing on mental images. Choice D is incorrect because while relaxation is beneficial, guided imagery specifically focuses on visualization of positive experiences to reduce anxiety.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because opioids are essential for effective pain management in terminally ill patients, improving their quality of life. Alternative methods may not provide sufficient pain relief. Choice A is incorrect as opioids do not necessarily hasten death when used appropriately for pain control. Choice C is incorrect because reducing opioid dose may lead to inadequate pain management. Choice D is incorrect as consulting a pain specialist to reduce medication may not be appropriate for terminally ill patients needing effective pain relief.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The stroke volume is calculated by dividing the cardiac output by the heart rate. Given the cardiac output of 4.7 L/min and a heart rate of 87 bpm, the stroke volume is 54 mL (4700 mL/87 bpm ? 54 mL). Therefore, choice A (54) is the correct answer. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not match the calculated stroke volume based on the provided cardiac output and heart rate.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Attach cardiac monitoring leads before the procedure. This is essential to monitor the patient's cardiac rhythm and detect any abnormalities during catheter insertion. Cardiac monitoring leads provide real-time information on the patient's heart rate and rhythm, allowing the nurse to promptly address any complications. A: Determining if the cardiac troponin level is elevated is not directly related to assisting with pulmonary artery catheter insertion. B: Auscultating heart and breath sounds during insertion is important but does not take precedence over attaching cardiac monitoring leads. C: Placing the patient on NPO status before the procedure may be necessary for other procedures, but it is not specifically required for assisting with pulmonary artery catheter insertion.