health assessment exam 2 test bank

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct interpretation of a drumlike sound heard during percussion of the abdomen is that it indicates air-filled areas within the abdomen. This sound, known as tympany, occurs when air is present in the gastrointestinal tract or hollow organs. Percussion produces a resonant, drum-like sound over these air-filled areas. This is a normal finding during a physical examination. Incorrect Answers: A: Constipation does not typically produce a drumlike sound during percussion. Constipation may cause a dull sound due to fecal matter retention. C: The presence of a tumor would not cause a drumlike sound during percussion. Tumors are typically solid masses and would produce a dull sound during percussion. D: Dense organs such as the liver or spleen would produce a dull sound, not a drumlike sound, during percussion due to their solid nature.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cold, dry air. Cold, dry air is a common trigger for asthma exacerbations, as it can irritate the airways and lead to bronchoconstriction. This trigger can worsen asthma symptoms and increase the risk of an asthma attack. Educating the patient to avoid cold, dry air can help prevent asthma flare-ups. Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect: A: Exercise-induced asthma is triggered by physical activity but can be managed with proper warm-up and medication. It is not typically something to avoid altogether. C: Caffeine is a mild bronchodilator and can actually help alleviate asthma symptoms in some cases. D: Environmental allergens can trigger asthma in some individuals, but they vary from person to person, so avoidance strategies would depend on specific allergens identified through testing.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Asking the patient to rate pain on a scale of 0 to 10 is a standard pain assessment tool, allowing for quantification and tracking of pain intensity. Step 2: This question helps in understanding the severity of pain objectively. Step 3: It provides a baseline for further pain management interventions. Step 4: Other choices are incorrect as they do not directly address assessing pain intensity or severity. Summary: Option A is the most appropriate as it focuses on quantifying pain, which is crucial for effective pain management. Choices B, C, and D are not as relevant for assessing pain intensity.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increasing caffeine consumption. Caffeine can potentially raise blood pressure in individuals with hypertension. The rationale is that caffeine is a stimulant that can lead to temporary spikes in blood pressure. This can be harmful for patients with a history of hypertension as it can exacerbate their condition. A: Increasing potassium intake is generally recommended for individuals with hypertension as it can help lower blood pressure. B: Consuming more fruits and vegetables is also beneficial for hypertension due to their high fiber and nutrient content. C: Limiting sodium intake is crucial for managing hypertension as high sodium levels can lead to increased blood pressure. In summary, increasing caffeine consumption is the correct answer to avoid for patients with hypertension, as it can potentially worsen their condition by raising blood pressure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: mental health issues. When taking a family history, mental health issues are important as they can have a genetic component and can impact the patient's overall health. Emphysema (A) is a respiratory condition, head trauma (B) is not typically hereditary, and fractured bones (D) are usually due to accidents or osteoporosis, not genetic.