ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2023

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, plain yogurt. Level 1 of the National Dysphagia Diet includes pureed or smooth foods that are easy to swallow. Plain yogurt fits this criteria as it is smooth and can be easily consumed without posing a risk of choking. Choices A, B, and C are not typically included in Level 1 of the diet. Peanut butter, oatmeal, and fruit preserves are not usually suitable for individuals on Level 1 of the National Dysphagia Diet as they may present a choking hazard or are not in a pureed or smooth form.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Diglycerides. A diglyceride is a glycerol molecule combined with two fatty acids. This is a common form of fat during digestion and absorption. Choice A, Compound lipids, is incorrect because these lipids are composed of simple lipids plus additional compounds, which is not the case with a glycerol molecule combined with two fatty acids. Choice B, Monoglycerides, is incorrect because these are glycerol molecules combined with only one fatty acid, not two. Lastly, choice D, Structural lipids, is incorrect because these are major components of cell membranes and do not directly relate to the combination of glycerol and two fatty acids.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nephrotic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by proteinuria (excess protein in urine), hypoalbuminemia (low serum albumin), edema (swelling due to fluid buildup), and hyperlipidemia (elevated blood lipids). These symptoms occur as a result of damage to the kidneys' filtering units. Acute kidney injury, rejection of a kidney transplant, and renal colic do not present with the same combination of symptoms as nephrotic syndrome. Acute kidney injury typically presents with a sudden decrease in kidney function, resulting in a build-up of waste products in the blood. Rejection of a kidney transplant may present with fever, pain at the transplant site, and changes in urine output. Renal colic usually presents with intense pain in the lower back or side, related to kidney stones.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Canned soup is the correct answer. Canned soups are often high in sodium due to added salt and should be avoided on a low-sodium diet. Fresh fruits (Choice A) are typically low in sodium and a good choice for a low-sodium diet. Unsalted nuts (Choice B) are also low in sodium and can be included in a low-sodium diet. Plain rice (Choice D) is a low-sodium food and can be part of a low-sodium diet.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The DASH diet, which stands for Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, emphasizes the consumption of fruits and vegetables, which are high in potassium, fiber, and antioxidants. These nutrients help lower blood pressure. Therefore, compared to the typical American diet, the DASH diet provides more fruits and vegetables. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. The DASH diet doesn't focus on providing more saturated fats or fewer whole grains or dairy products. In fact, it encourages the consumption of whole grains and low-fat dairy products to promote a balanced and healthy diet.