Pharmacology and the Nursing Process Test Bank Free

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Failing to involve the client in the planning process. This is because involving the client in the planning process is crucial for promoting client-centered care and ensuring that the outcomes are realistic and aligned with the client's goals. By engaging the client, the nurse can better understand their preferences and values, leading to more effective planning and goal setting. Choice B is incorrect as collecting data to establish a database is related to assessment, not outcome identification and planning. Choice C is incorrect as stating specific and measurable outcomes based on nursing diagnoses is actually a key component of effective outcome identification and planning. Choice D is incorrect as writing clear nursing orders, although important, is more related to implementation rather than outcome identification and planning.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Subjective data are information reported by the patient that cannot be observed or measured by others. In this case, choice C is correct because the patient describing excitement about discharge is personal and based on the patient's feelings or perceptions. This is subjective data because it is based on the patient's own experiences and emotions. Choices A and B are incorrect because patient's temperature and wound appearance are objective data that can be measured or observed by the nurse. Choice D is also incorrect as patient pacing the floor is an observable behavior, making it objective data. Therefore, choice C is the correct answer as it represents subjective data in the context of the assessment.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because subjective data refers to information reported by the patient, such as their feelings, emotions, and perceptions. In this case, the patient describing excitement about discharge is an example of subjective data. The other choices (A, B, D) are objective data because they are observable and measurable by the nurse. Temperature (A) and wound appearance (B) are physical observations, while the patient pacing the floor (D) is a behavior that can be observed. It is important for nurses to differentiate between subjective and objective data to provide accurate assessments and care for their patients.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Right-sided heart failure leads to fluid backup in the body causing dependent pitting edema due to fluid accumulation in the lower extremities. Orthopnea and exertional dyspnea are typically seen in left-sided heart failure. Hemoptysis is associated with conditions like pulmonary embolism or lung cancer, not right-sided heart failure. Therefore, the correct answer is A as it directly correlates with the symptoms of right-sided heart failure.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hyperparathyroidism. This disorder is characterized by excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone, leading to increased calcium levels in the blood. The symptoms described in the question - bone pain, weakness, irritability, and depression - are all associated with hypercalcemia, a common manifestation of hyperparathyroidism. Additionally, the client's anorexia and increased urination can be attributed to the effects of hypercalcemia on the gastrointestinal and renal systems. Diabetes mellitus (choice A) involves high blood sugar levels and is not associated with the symptoms described. Hypoparathyroidism (choice B) is characterized by low levels of parathyroid hormone and calcium, leading to different symptoms such as muscle cramps and seizures. Diabetes insipidus (choice C) is a disorder of water balance characterized by excessive thirst and urination, not the symptoms presented in the question.