Ethics & Issues in Contemporary Nursing

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: case manager. A case manager coordinates resources to achieve optimal health outcomes for clients efficiently. They assess, plan, implement, and evaluate care while considering cost-effectiveness. Informatics specialists focus on data and technology, educators provide knowledge, and quality managers ensure high standards. In this scenario, the key role is coordinating resources, making C the best choice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because in a mass casualty incident, triage principles dictate that care should be prioritized to those with the greatest chance of survival to maximize overall survival rates. This ensures that limited resources are used efficiently. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect: B: Using only community resources first may not be sufficient in a large-scale disaster and could delay the response, leading to unnecessary loss of life. C: State assistance may not be automatically available in every disaster situation and is typically coordinated based on the severity and impact of the disaster. D: Emergency operating plans should be tailored to individual facilities' needs and capabilities, as a one-size-fits-all approach may not be effective in all scenarios.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because Nightingale's theory emphasizes the importance of a clean and well-ventilated environment for patient healing. By arranging for the client to go outside and keeping the room's window blinds open, the nurse is ensuring proper ventilation and exposure to natural light, which can promote healing. This step aligns with Nightingale's focus on the physical environment's impact on health outcomes. A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not directly address the fundamental principle of Nightingale's theory related to environmental factors. Checking the TV volume, consulting a dietitian, or bringing personal items like family photographs do not directly contribute to creating a healing environment based on Nightingale's theory.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Person Rationale: - The five rights of delegation are Right Task, Right Circumstances, Right Person, Right Direction/Communication, and Right Supervision. - In this scenario, choosing the Right Person means delegating tasks to individuals with appropriate skills and abilities, such as UAP assisting with oral hygiene. - This choice is correct as the nurse is delegating a task that falls within the UAP's scope of practice without requiring nursing process decisions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hot-spot item, analysis level. In this scenario, the patient's symptoms suggest pericardial effusion or cardiac tamponade. To facilitate auscultation, the nurse should place the stethoscope at the point of maximal intensity of the heart sounds, which is typically at the apex of the heart or the lower left sternal border. This requires the nurse to analyze the patient's symptoms and apply knowledge of cardiac anatomy to determine the optimal auscultation site. A: Multiple-response item, comprehension level - This choice involves selecting multiple correct answers from a list of options based on understanding the presented information. It doesn't require the critical thinking and analysis needed in this scenario. C: Chart/exhibit item, application level - This choice involves interpreting information presented in a chart or exhibit to apply it to a specific situation. While it involves application, it doesn't require the same level of analysis as determining the best auscultation site. D: Drag-and