Midwifery Exam Questions and Answers PDF

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Submentovertival, bitemporal. In a face presentation, the presenting diameters are submentovertival (chin to vertex) and bitemporal (temple to temple). This is because the fetus is in a face-first position with the chin presenting first. Option B is incorrect because submentobregmatic is not a recognized presenting diameter in face presentation. Option C is incorrect as biparietal refers to the widest transverse diameter of the fetal head, not relevant in face presentation. Option D is incorrect as mentovertical is not a valid presenting diameter in face presentation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: His blood pressure is likely a physiologic response to traumatic head injury. Rationale: 1. Physiologic response: Traumatic head injury can lead to autonomic dysregulation, causing increased sympathetic activity and elevated blood pressure to maintain cerebral perfusion. 2. Compensation mechanism: The body may increase blood pressure in response to hypotension to ensure vital organs receive adequate blood flow. 3. Treatment consideration: Understanding that elevated blood pressure can be a compensatory mechanism helps guide appropriate management strategies for traumatic head injury patients. Summary: A: Vasopressors can be used in traumatic head injury depending on the specific situation, and they are not always contraindicated. B: While hypotension can worsen outcomes in traumatic head injury, this choice overstates the risk without providing context. D: Identifying the cause of hypotension is crucial in managing traumatic head injury patients and should not be disregarded in favor of stabilizing the head injury.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Transient rebound release of remaining pituitary hormones. After surgical removal of the ACTH-producing pituitary tumor in Cushing's syndrome, there may be a transient rebound release of remaining pituitary hormones due to relief of negative feedback from the tumor. This can lead to a temporary increase in pituitary hormone levels before normalization. Rationale: 1. Rapid reversal of symptoms with good pituitary function (Choice A) is less likely as it takes time for the pituitary gland to recover and resume normal hormone production post-surgery. 2. Markedly improved dexamethasone suppression test (Choice C) is not expected immediately after surgery as it may take time for the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to normalize. 3. Hyponatremia and compensatory SIADH (Choice D) are unlikely post-operatively in Cushing's syndrome as removal of the ACTH-producing tumor should lead to normalization of

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why D is correct: 1. Hyperemesis gravidarum is severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. 2. Prolonged vomiting can lead to electrolyte imbalances and nutritional deficiencies. 3. Vitamin B deficiency, specifically thiamine, can result in Wernicke�s encephalopathy. 4. Mallory-Weiss syndrome can occur due to repeated retching and vomiting. 5. Therefore, hyperemesis gravidarum can lead to both Wernicke�s encephalopathy and Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Summary: A: Placenta praevia is related to abnormal placental placement, not vomiting. B: Hypertensive disorders are associated with high blood pressure, not vomiting-related complications. C: Vitamin B deficiency can lead to Wernicke�s encephalopathy but is not directly caused by hyperemesis gravidarum.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Submentovertival, bitemporal. In a face presentation, the presenting diameters are submentovertival (chin to vertex) and bitemporal (temple to temple). This is because the fetus is in a face-first position with the chin presenting first. Option B is incorrect because submentobregmatic is not a recognized presenting diameter in face presentation. Option C is incorrect as biparietal refers to the widest transverse diameter of the fetal head, not relevant in face presentation. Option D is incorrect as mentovertical is not a valid presenting diameter in face presentation.