ATI RN
Fluid and Electrolytes ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse working in the PACU is aware that which of the following procedures may contribute to extracellular losses?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fluid loss from the extracellular compartment can be caused by abdominal surgery.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse preparing to start an IV on a newly admitted patient teaches the patient about the procedure and begins to prepare the site. The nurse should always start by:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Before preparing the skin, the nurse should ask the patient if he or she is allergic to latex or iodine, which are products commonly used in setting up for IV therapy. A local reaction could result in irritation to the IV site or, in the extreme, it could result in anaphylaxis, which can be life threatening.
Question 3 of 5
A 65-year-old male patient was admitted to a medical-surgical unit 72 hours ago with pyloric stenosis; a nasogastric tube was inserted upon admission and has been on low intermittent suction since then. The nurse taking care of the patient notices that his potassium is very low and becomes concerned that the patient may be at risk for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Probably the most common cause of metabolic alkalosis is vomiting or gastric suction with loss of hydrogen and chloride ions. The disorder also occurs in pyloric stenosis in which only gastric fluid is lost. Vomiting, gastric suction, and pyloric stenosis all remove potassium and can cause hypokalemia.
Question 4 of 5
What would be the best initial nursing actions prior to inserting an IV?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prior to initiating an IV, the nurse should verify the physician's order for IV therapy.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is evaluating a patient's laboratory results. Based upon the laboratory findings, what results will cause the release of an antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased serum sodium causes increased thirst and the release of ADH by the posterior pituitary gland.
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