nclex practice questions 2023 health assessment

Questions 46

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nclex practice questions 2023 health assessment Questions

Question 1 of 5

The nurse is doing an oral assessment on a 40-year-old patient of African descent and notes the presence of a 1-cm, nontender, greyish-white lesion on the left buccal mucosa. Which of the following about this lesion is true?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why answer A is correct: 1. Leukoedema is a common benign condition in individuals of African descent. 2. Leukoedema presents as greyish-white lesions on the buccal mucosa. 3. It is typically asymptomatic and does not require treatment. 4. Leukoedema is not associated with any serious health concerns. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B. Hyperpigmentation would present as dark patches, not greyish-white lesions. C. Torus palatinus is a bony growth on the hard palate, not a mucosal lesion. D. Cancerous lesions typically have different characteristics and would require further investigation.

Question 2 of 5

When assessing inflammation in a dark-skinned person, the nurse may need to:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Dark skin may not show cyanosis well, making choice A less reliable. Step 2: Erythema refers to redness, which may not be easily visible in dark skin, making choice B less suitable. Step 3: Palpating for edema and increased warmth allows for a more reliable assessment of inflammation in dark skin, making choice C the correct answer. Step 4: Palpating for tenderness and ecchymosis may be useful but not specific to inflammation assessment in dark skin, making choice D less relevant.

Question 3 of 5

During an otoscopic examination, the nurse notes an area of black and white dots on the tympanic membrane and ear canal wall. What does this finding suggest?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The presence of black and white dots on the tympanic membrane and ear canal wall during an otoscopic examination suggests a yeast or fungal infection. This is because yeast or fungal infections commonly present as white or black dots in the ear canal. Malignancy would typically manifest as abnormal growths or masses, not dots. Viral infections usually do not present as specific dots on the tympanic membrane. Blood in the middle ear would appear as red or pinkish fluid behind the eardrum, not as black and white dots. Therefore, the correct answer is D: Yeast or fungal infection.

Question 4 of 5

A hospitalized patient who has received numerous antibiotics is being assessed by the nurse, who notes that his tongue appears black and hairy. Which of the following would the nurse say to the patient?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "This is a fungal infection caused by all the antibiotics you've received." The black, hairy tongue is a known side effect of prolonged antibiotic use, which disrupts the balance of normal oral flora and predisposes to fungal overgrowth, specifically of the yeast Candida. Antibiotics can eliminate the competing bacteria that normally keep Candida in check. Therefore, the patient's symptoms are most likely due to a fungal infection related to antibiotic therapy, rather than a bacterial issue or temporary overgrowth of hair. Biopsy is not necessary as the condition is commonly seen in this context and can be managed with appropriate treatment for fungal overgrowth.

Question 5 of 5

A patient reports a severe throbbing headache in the frontotemporal area of his head that he experienced while studying for an examination, He says that the headache was somewhat relieved when he lay down. He tells the nurse that his mother also used to get these headaches. The nurse suspects that he may be suffering from:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: migraine headaches. The patient's symptoms of severe throbbing headache in the frontotemporal area, triggered by stress (studying for an exam), partially relieved by lying down, and family history of similar headaches are indicative of migraines. Migraines commonly present with these characteristics, often exacerbated by stress and have a genetic component. A: Hypertension does not typically present with throbbing headaches in a specific area or relief with lying down. B: Cluster headaches are characterized by severe, unilateral headaches around the eye area, not frontotemporal. C: Tension headaches usually present as dull, constant pressure-type headaches, not throbbing, and do not have the familial pattern described by the patient.

Similar Questions

A patient reports a severe throbbing headache in the frontotemporal area of his head that he experienced while studying for an examination, He says that the headache was somewhat relieved when he lay down. He tells the nurse that his mother also used to get these headaches. The nurse suspects that he may be suffering from:
A woman in her second trimester of pregnancy mentions that since becoming pregnant she has had"more nosebleeds than ever." The nurse recognizes that this is due to:
The muscles in the neck that are innervated by CN XI are the:
A patient's vision is recorded as 20/30 when the Snellen eye chart is used. The nurse recognizes that these results indicate that:
Which of the following cranial nerves (CNs) is responsible for conducting nerve impulses to the brain from the organ of Corti?

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