foundations of nursing practice questions

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Discuss a referral for hospice care. Hospice care provides specialized care for patients with terminal illnesses, focusing on comfort and quality of life. This option aligns with the patient's wish to die at home and ensures his care needs are met. Hospice care also provides emotional and spiritual support for both the patient and family. A: Discuss a referral for rehabilitation hospital - This option focuses on rehabilitation, which is not suitable for a patient with a terminal illness like extensive stage small-cell lung cancer. B: Panel the patient for a personal care home - Personal care homes may not provide the level of specialized care needed for a terminally ill patient. C: Discuss a referral for acute care - Acute care is more focused on treating acute illnesses and injuries, not providing end-of-life care for a patient with a terminal illness.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because documenting medication administration is critical for patient safety and continuity of care. By documenting the pain medication received, the nurse ensures accurate medication tracking and prevents errors. Choice A is incorrect as it lacks specific, objective information. Choice B is irrelevant to patient care. Choice D is inappropriate and violates patient confidentiality.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it addresses a crucial aspect of preoperative care for a patient undergoing a hysterectomy due to endometriosis. Emptying the bladder before surgery helps prevent urinary retention postoperatively. Placing a catheter during surgery ensures proper drainage and prevents bladder distention. This education topic is essential for the patient's comfort and well-being during and after the procedure. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect: A: Menstrual periods will not continue after a hysterectomy as the uterus is removed. B: Normal activity is usually restricted after a hysterectomy to promote healing. C: Hormone levels are affected after a hysterectomy, especially if the ovaries are also removed.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lobules and ducts. Each lobe of the breast consists of lobules, which are responsible for milk production, and ducts, which transport the milk to the nipple. This is essential for breastfeeding. Modified tendons and ligaments (choice A) are not present in the lobes of the breast. Connective tissue and smooth muscle (choice B) are important components of the breast but do not specifically make up the lobes. Endocrine glands and sebaceous glands (choice D) are not the primary elements within the lobes of the breast responsible for milk production and transport. The lobules and ducts are vital components for the functioning of the breast in lactation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Circumcision. Paraphimosis occurs when the foreskin is retracted behind the glans and cannot be returned to its original position. Once the inflammation and edema subside, circumcision is typically indicated to prevent recurrence. This procedure removes the foreskin, reducing the risk of future paraphimosis episodes. Needle aspiration of the corpus cavernosum (A) is not indicated for paraphimosis. Abstinence from sexual activity for 6 weeks (C) is not a standard treatment for paraphimosis. Administration of vardenafil (D) is used for erectile dysfunction and not indicated for paraphimosis.