ATI RN
Nursing Process Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving antibiotics to treat a gram-negative bacterial infection. Because antibiotics destroy the body�s normal flora, the nurse must monitor the client for:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Diarrhea. Antibiotics can disrupt the normal balance of gut bacteria, leading to diarrhea. This occurs due to the overgrowth of harmful bacteria in the intestines. Monitoring for diarrhea is crucial to prevent dehydration and further complications. Platelet dysfunction (A), stomatitis (B), and oliguria/dysuria (C) are not typically associated with the disruption of normal flora by antibiotics. These symptoms are more likely related to other conditions or side effects of medications, making them incorrect choices in this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
The clinical manifestations of Parkinson�s disease (bradykinesia rigidity and tremors) is directly related to a decreased level of:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Parkinson's disease is characterized by dopamine deficiency in the brain, leading to motor symptoms like bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremors. Dopamine is crucial for controlling movement. Acetylcholine (A) is not directly related to Parkinson's symptoms. Serotonin (B) is involved in mood regulation, not movement control. Phenylalanine (D) is an amino acid and not directly related to Parkinson's pathology. Therefore, the correct answer is C.
Question 3 of 5
Nurse Lina gives discharge instructions to Aling Maria, who is experiencing an exacerbation of COPD because of an upper respiratory tract infection, regarding her diet at home. Which of the following food choices would be appropriate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: high calorie high protein. In COPD exacerbation, the body requires extra calories and protein for energy and muscle strength. High-calorie foods help combat weight loss and fatigue. High-protein foods aid in muscle repair and maintenance. Low-fat low-cholesterol (A) is not ideal as healthy fats are needed. Low-sodium (B) is not necessary unless there is concurrent heart failure. Bland soft diet (C) is not suitable as it does not provide enough calories and protein needed for COPD exacerbation.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the ff causes memory cells to convert to plasma cells?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Re-exposure to a specific antigen. Memory cells are formed after initial exposure to an antigen. Upon re-exposure to the same antigen, memory cells quickly recognize and respond, converting into plasma cells to produce antibodies. This process is known as secondary immune response. Incorrect choices: A: An organ transplant - Organ transplant does not involve the conversion of memory cells to plasma cells. C: Release of lymphokines - Lymphokines are signaling molecules secreted by immune cells but do not directly cause memory cells to convert to plasma cells. D: Initial exposure to an antigen - Initial exposure to an antigen leads to the formation of memory cells, not their conversion to plasma cells upon re-exposure.
Question 5 of 5
The knows that a positive diagnosis for HIV infection is made based on; a.A history of high-risk sexual behaviors
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a positive diagnosis for HIV infection is confirmed through laboratory testing, specifically the ELISA and Western blot tests. These tests detect the presence of HIV antibodies in the blood, providing definitive evidence of the infection. Choice B is incorrect as weight loss and fever are symptoms but not diagnostic criteria. Choice C is incorrect as opportunistic infections are a consequence of HIV, not the diagnostic criteria. Choice D is incomplete and irrelevant. In summary, the key to diagnosing HIV is through positive laboratory tests, not just based on symptoms or associated infections.
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