foundation of nursing questions

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Keep the patient's bed linens free of wrinkles. This intervention is important in preventing pressure ulcers, a common complication in patients with impaired skin integrity. Wrinkles in bed linens can create pressure points on the skin, leading to skin breakdown. By keeping the bed linens smooth and wrinkle-free, the patient's skin is protected from excessive pressure, reducing the risk of impaired skin integrity. A: Maximizing fluid intake is important for overall health but is not directly related to preventing impaired skin integrity. B: Providing total parenteral nutrition may support the patient's nutritional needs but does not specifically address the risk of impaired skin integrity. D: Providing snug clothing can increase friction and pressure on the skin, potentially worsening the risk of impaired skin integrity.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Requesting the physician to order analgesics by an alternative route is the correct choice as the patient is having difficulty swallowing the medication. 2. Alternative routes could include subcutaneous, intravenous, transdermal, or rectal routes to ensure the patient receives adequate pain relief. 3. Crushing the medication (choice B) may alter the absorption rate and effectiveness of the medication. 4. Administering the medication with the meal tray (choice C) may not address the swallowing issue and could lead to inadequate pain relief. 5. Administering the medication rectally (choice D) is not ideal as it may not be the most appropriate route for analgesics in this situation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because a dyspneic patient with a tracheostomy may have difficulty speaking due to impaired airflow and mobility of the tongue. In this case, using alternative communication methods such as writing or using communication boards would be more effective. Choice A is incorrect because being blind does not directly impact communication in this scenario. Choice B is incorrect as hunger, alertness, and self-esteem do not relate to the communication challenges presented. Choice C is incorrect as depression, while important to consider, is not the primary factor impacting communication in this case.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Recurrent pelvic infections. Pelvic infections can lead to scarring and blockage of the fallopian tubes, increasing the risk of ectopic pregnancy. Ovarian cysts and oral contraceptives are not directly linked to ectopic pregnancies. Heavy menstrual flow does not inherently increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: There is no noticeable decrease in the amount of ejaculate even though it contains no sperm. After a vasectomy, the vas deferens, the tube that carries sperm from the testicles, is cut or blocked. This prevents sperm from being ejaculated, but the seminal fluid produced by the prostate and other glands still makes up the majority of the ejaculate volume. Therefore, although the ejaculate does not contain sperm after a vasectomy, there is no significant change in the amount of fluid ejaculated. Choice A is incorrect because the absence of sperm does not impact the volume of ejaculate. Choice C is incorrect as there is no marked decrease in ejaculate volume. Choice D is incorrect as there is no evidence to suggest that the viscosity of ejaculate changes post-vasectomy.