ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Potassium. Chronic potassium deficiency can lead to hypertension, heart attack, stroke, kidney stones, and osteoporosis. Patients experiencing this deficiency may feel tired, weak, and irritable without knowing the cause. Choice A (Zinc) is incorrect as zinc deficiency presents with different symptoms. Choice B (Iron) deficiency is associated with anemia symptoms, not the conditions listed. Choice C (Sodium) deficiency typically manifests as muscle cramps, weakness, and confusion, not the conditions described in the question.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The first statement is false because increasing the variety of foods actually helps prevent nutrient excesses and toxicities. The second statement is true because making a dietary change to eliminate or increase the intake of a specific food or nutrient often leads to alterations in the intake of other nutrients. Choice A is incorrect because the first statement is false. Choice B is incorrect because the second statement is true. Choice C is incorrect because the first statement is false, even though the second statement is true.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. Milk and other dairy products are indeed preferred sources of calcium because they supply most of the available calcium. Additionally, lactose present in dairy products enhances calcium absorption, making them even more efficient sources of this essential mineral. The statement correctly identifies dairy products as preferred sources of calcium, and the reason explains how lactose contributes to better calcium absorption. The other choices are incorrect as they do not accurately assess the relationship between lactose, calcium absorption, and the preference for dairy products as sources of calcium.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The first statement is true; the second is false. Complex carbohydrates are also called polysaccharides and contain more than 10 monosaccharides. Choice A is incorrect because the second statement is false. Choice B is incorrect because the first statement is true. Choice D is incorrect because the second statement is false.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is indeed associated with thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. This syndrome is commonly seen in individuals with chronic alcoholism due to poor diet and impaired thiamine absorption. Thiamine is essential for normal brain function and energy metabolism. Riboflavin (B2) deficiency can lead to symptoms like sore throat and swollen mucous membranes, not Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Niacin (B3) deficiency causes pellagra, characterized by dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and death, but not Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Pyridoxine (B6) deficiency can result in dermatitis, glossitis, and peripheral neuropathy, but it is not associated with Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.