ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Vitamin A can be stored in the liver to meet basic needs for at least 1 year. This storage capacity allows the body to have a reserve of Vitamin A to sustain its needs over an extended period. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they underestimate the storage capacity of Vitamin A in the liver, which can last longer than these durations.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Perspiration. Water loss can occur through respiration inflammation, strenuous exercise, and diarrhea. Perspiration, also known as sweating, is a mechanism by which the body regulates temperature and eliminates some waste products, but it is not a cause of water loss. The body loses water through sweating, but this loss is mainly for cooling purposes, and it is not a primary mechanism for water loss like respiration, exercise, or diarrhea.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Aspartame. Aspartame contains phenylalanine, which is contraindicated for individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU), a genetic disorder that impairs phenylalanine metabolism. Therefore, patients with PKU should avoid aspartame. Choices A, B, and C (Cyclamate, Acesulfame-K, Saccharin) are considered safe for individuals with PKU as they do not contain phenylalanine and can be recommended as alternatives to sugar for these patients.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Iron. The provided extract mentions that iodine deficiency can cause delayed tooth eruption, enlarged tongue, stillbirths, altered craniofacial growth, sensitivity to cold, dry skin, depression, and goiter. Zinc, Sodium, and Potassium are not associated with these specific symptoms. Zinc deficiency can lead to other health issues but not the ones mentioned. Sodium and Potassium imbalances do not typically result in the symptoms described in the question.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Vitamin K absorption decreases with high levels of vitamin E supplementation because in larger amounts, vitamin E acts as an anticoagulant. Vitamin K is not produced in the gut but can be obtained from food sources or supplements. Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of blood-clotting factors and is crucial in maintaining prothrombin levels, which is vital for proper blood clotting. The incorrect choice, D, is misleading as high levels of vitamin E supplementation hinder vitamin K absorption due to its anticoagulant properties. Dental hygienists should be aware of the importance of vitamin K in blood clotting, especially when treating patients who are on anticoagulant medications for conditions like stroke prevention.