Adult Health Nursing Test Bank

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Key informant interview. Ms. Nena will use this method to gather in-depth information from knowledgeable individuals within the community. This approach allows her to gain insights and perspectives from key stakeholders, such as the primary grade teacher and barangay official, who have first-hand knowledge and experience. Key informant interviews are particularly useful for obtaining specific details, opinions, and insights that may not be easily accessible through other methods. In contrast, participant observer involves direct participation in community activities, community mapping focuses on spatial data collection, and social survey typically involves collecting data from a larger sample size rather than individual key informants.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Malpractice. Malpractice refers to professional negligence or failure to perform duties according to accepted standards of practice. In this scenario, the surgeon's act of cutting the patient's bladder during an appendectomy could be considered a breach of duty and failure to provide the expected standard of care, which falls under malpractice. Battery (A) involves intentional harmful or offensive contact without consent. Negligence (B) is the failure to exercise reasonable care, but in this case, it was more than just a lack of care. Tort (D) refers to a civil wrong that causes harm, but malpractice is a specific type of tort related to professional negligence.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Key informant interview. Ms. Nena will use this method to gather in-depth information from knowledgeable individuals within the community. This approach allows her to gain insights and perspectives from key stakeholders, such as the primary grade teacher and barangay official, who have first-hand knowledge and experience. Key informant interviews are particularly useful for obtaining specific details, opinions, and insights that may not be easily accessible through other methods. In contrast, participant observer involves direct participation in community activities, community mapping focuses on spatial data collection, and social survey typically involves collecting data from a larger sample size rather than individual key informants.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. Asking the patient about their cultural background and preferences shows respect for their individuality and acknowledges the importance of cultural competence in providing person-centered care. 2. It allows the nurse to gain valuable insights into the patient's beliefs, values, and practices, enabling them to deliver culturally appropriate care. 3. By prioritizing this aspect, the nurse can establish rapport, build trust, and enhance communication with the patient, leading to better outcomes. 4. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they either involve assumptions, avoidance, or disregard for the patient's cultural background, which can lead to misunderstandings, discomfort, and ineffective care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock. During an MI, there is significant damage to the heart muscle, leading to a decrease in cardiac output and subsequent shock. This results in inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because decreased hemoglobin level (A) may lead to anemia but is not the most common cause of cardiogenic shock. Hypotension (C) is a symptom of shock, not the cause. Coronary artery disease (D) is a risk factor for MI but not the direct cause of cardiogenic shock.