basic geriatric nursing test bank

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because multimorbidity refers to the presence of multiple chronic conditions in an individual, which can complicate treatment due to interactions between medications, conflicting treatment recommendations, and the need for coordination among different healthcare providers. Managing multiple health conditions and medications can lead to potential adverse effects, drug interactions, and difficulties in prioritizing treatment goals. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because multimorbidity actually increases treatment complexity, necessitating individualized care plans and careful consideration of potential interactions between treatments.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Immunologic theory. This theory of aging focuses on the decline in immune function as individuals age, making them more vulnerable to infections like the flu. The flu prevention workshop at the senior center aligns with this theory by aiming to boost seniors' immune systems to reduce their susceptibility to the flu. A: Free radical theory attributes aging to the accumulation of damage caused by reactive oxygen species, not specifically related to immune function. C: Oxidative stress theory is similar to the free radical theory in emphasizing the role of oxidative damage in aging, not directly related to immune function. D: Telomere theory suggests that cellular aging is influenced by the shortening of telomeres, which is not directly related to immune function or flu prevention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diabetes. Healthy People 2020 focuses on improving the health of older adults, and diabetes is a chronic condition prevalent in this population. It can significantly impact health, function, and quality of life if not managed properly. Diabetes can lead to complications such as heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, and vision problems. By targeting diabetes, the goal is to prevent these complications and improve overall health outcomes for older adults. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B: Arthritis - While arthritis is common in older adults, it is not a targeted chronic focus area identified by Healthy People 2020 for this population. C: Congestive heart failure - Although heart health is important, congestive heart failure is not specifically highlighted as a priority for improvement in older adults by Healthy People 2020. D: Dementia - Dementia is a serious concern in the aging population, but it is not one of the targeted chronic focus areas identified by Healthy People 202

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Smoking. Centenarians are individuals who live to be 100 years old or older and smoking is a known risk factor for various diseases and premature death. Exercise, weight control, and delayed onset of disease are commonly associated characteristics of centenarians as they promote overall health and longevity. Smoking, on the other hand, has been proven to have detrimental effects on health and is not typically seen in individuals who live to be 100 or older. Therefore, the absence of smoking is a more accurate characteristic associated with centenarians.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because swelling in one leg with pitting edema is a classic sign of DVT. Pitting edema suggests fluid accumulation due to compromised venous circulation, which is common in DVT. Bilateral calf tenderness (choice A) is more indicative of muscle strain. Shortness of breath (choice C) is suggestive of a pulmonary embolism, a complication of DVT. Two plus palpable pulses (choice D) indicate good arterial circulation, not DVT.