Endocrinology Practice Questions

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Acute pancreatitis. Hyperparathyroidism is not typically associated with acute pancreatitis. Hyperparathyroidism is characterized by excessive production of parathyroid hormone, leading to increased calcium levels in the blood. Nephrocalcinosis, palpable neck swelling, and pseudogout are commonly seen in hyperparathyroidism due to the effects of elevated calcium levels on the kidneys, parathyroid glands, and joints, respectively. Acute pancreatitis, on the other hand, is more commonly associated with gallstones, alcohol consumption, or certain medications, rather than hyperparathyroidism.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bitemporal Hemianopsia. Pituitary adenomas can compress the optic chiasm, leading to bitemporal hemianopsia. This occurs due to the loss of peripheral vision on both sides. Carpo-pedal spasm (A) is associated with hypocalcemia, Chvostek's sign (C) is a facial spasm seen in hypocalcemia, and tremor (D) can be seen in conditions such as Parkinson's disease, but they are not specific to pituitary adenoma. Bitemporal hemianopsia is a classic sign of pituitary adenoma due to its location near the optic chiasm.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Acute pancreatitis. Hyperparathyroidism is not typically associated with acute pancreatitis. Hyperparathyroidism is characterized by excessive production of parathyroid hormone, leading to increased calcium levels in the blood. Nephrocalcinosis, palpable neck swelling, and pseudogout are commonly seen in hyperparathyroidism due to the effects of elevated calcium levels on the kidneys, parathyroid glands, and joints, respectively. Acute pancreatitis, on the other hand, is more commonly associated with gallstones, alcohol consumption, or certain medications, rather than hyperparathyroidism.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Tertiary hyperparathyroidism occurs due to prolonged secondary hyperparathyroidism in response to chronic renal failure. 2. In chronic renal failure, impaired kidney function leads to reduced activation of vitamin D and impaired calcium regulation. 3. Persistent hypocalcemia triggers the parathyroid glands to overproduce parathyroid hormone, leading to tertiary hyperparathyroidism. 4. Rickets (choice A) is associated with vitamin D deficiency, pseudohypoparathyroidism (choice B) is a genetic disorder, and malabsorption syndrome (choice D) affects nutrient absorption, but they are not commonly linked to tertiary hyperparathyroidism.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Purple skin striae. This is the most common sign of Cushing's syndrome due to the excessive production of cortisol leading to thinning of the skin and formation of purple stretch marks. Hirsutism (A) is excessive hair growth, not specific to Cushing's. Obesity (B) can be a symptom, but it is not the most common. Skin hyperpigmentation (D) is seen in Addison's disease, not Cushing's.