Ethics & Issues in Contemporary Nursing

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: National Disaster Medical System (NDMS). This system is designed to provide medical care during disasters, including addressing mental health needs like posttraumatic stress syndrome in victims and compassion fatigue in care providers. NDMS coordinates federal medical response resources and personnel to support communities during disasters. A: Strategic National Stockpile focuses on providing medicines, vaccines, and medical supplies, but does not directly address mental health needs or provide medical care. B: Metropolitan Medical Response System (MMRS) focuses on local response capabilities for mass casualty incidents, but does not have the same scope as NDMS in providing comprehensive medical care. C: Commissioned Corps Readiness Force is a team of healthcare professionals within the U.S. Public Health Service, but it is not specifically designated for disaster medical response like NDMS.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sunset legislation. Sunset legislation mandates that laws, including nurse practice acts, must be reviewed periodically to determine if they are still needed. If a nurse practice act is not reviewed by the specified date, it is automatically rescinded. This process ensures that laws are current and relevant. Incorrect Choices: A: Nurse review act - There is no specific law called the Nurse review act that pertains to the automatic rescinding of nurse practice acts. C: Mandatory revocation - This choice does not align with the process of automatic rescinding based on a failure to review. D: Grandfathering - Grandfathering refers to exempting individuals from new regulations based on previous circumstances, not the automatic rescinding of laws.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because Florence Nightingale is widely recognized as the pioneer of modern nursing research. During the Crimean War, she collected and analyzed data on patient care outcomes, demonstrating the importance of evidence-based practice in nursing. This laid the foundation for the development of nursing research as a formal discipline. Choice B is incorrect as nursing research did not start between 1900 and 1940, but rather with Nightingale's work. Choice C is incorrect because the focus of nursing research was not solely on doctorally prepared nurses but on improving patient care in general. Choice D is incorrect as the naturalistic paradigm is just one approach to research and not the starting point for nursing research.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nervous tension. Mal ojo, commonly known as the evil eye, is a belief in many Latin American cultures that certain people have the power to cause harm with their gaze. Symptoms associated with mal ojo typically include nervous tension, irritability, and restlessness. Fever (choice A) is not a common symptom of mal ojo. Bruising (choice C) is also not typically associated with mal ojo. Somnolence (choice D) refers to excessive sleepiness, which is not a common symptom of mal ojo. Therefore, the correct answer is B as it aligns with the cultural belief and expected symptoms of mal ojo.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blocking. In both situations, the patient's actions are ignored or dismissed, indicating a lack of active listening. Blocking involves avoiding communication by not acknowledging the patient's gestures or needs. The nurse fails to engage with the patient and address their non-verbal cues. Summary: B: Filtration is not relevant as it involves selectively presenting information. C: Empathy is not demonstrated as the nurse is not responding to the patient's non-verbal cues. D: False assurance is not applicable as it involves giving misleading reassurance, which is not present in the scenario.