Ethics & Issues in Contemporary Nursing

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: National Disaster Medical System (NDMS). This system is designed to provide medical care during disasters, including addressing mental health needs like posttraumatic stress syndrome in victims and compassion fatigue in care providers. NDMS coordinates federal medical response resources and personnel to support communities during disasters. A: Strategic National Stockpile focuses on providing medicines, vaccines, and medical supplies, but does not directly address mental health needs or provide medical care. B: Metropolitan Medical Response System (MMRS) focuses on local response capabilities for mass casualty incidents, but does not have the same scope as NDMS in providing comprehensive medical care. C: Commissioned Corps Readiness Force is a team of healthcare professionals within the U.S. Public Health Service, but it is not specifically designated for disaster medical response like NDMS.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because as a patient approaches death, the focus of palliative care shifts towards providing comfort and symptom management to improve their quality of life. Identifying and addressing the patient's comfort needs becomes crucial in ensuring a peaceful and dignified end-of-life experience. A: While discussing spiritual needs can be important, the primary focus shifts towards physical comfort in the final stages of life. B: Educating the patient about physical changes is important, but it may not be the priority as the focus shifts towards comfort care. C: Advance care planning is essential but may have already been addressed before the patient reaches the impending death stage.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because in a compact state, the mutual recognition model allows nurses to practice across state lines without obtaining additional licenses. This model ensures that patients' rights are protected by requiring nurses to adhere to the nurse practice act of the state where the patient is located. This promotes nursing mobility while maintaining regulatory standards. A is incorrect because nurses must follow the nurse practice act of the state where they are practicing, not necessarily the largest state. C is incorrect because nurses do not have to pay for a license in all participating states under the mutual recognition model. D is incorrect because the nurse practice act outlines the scope of practice, not necessarily the list of skills that can be performed across state lines.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This is because COPD is a leading cause of death among minority groups due to factors like smoking, pollution exposure, and healthcare disparities. This aligns with the grant's goal of improving health outcomes for minorities. Malnutrition (B) is not a top cause of death for minorities. Cirrhosis of the liver (C) is more common in certain populations but not a top priority for this grant. Cancer (D) is a significant concern, but COPD is more prevalent among minority groups.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Expert. An RN with excellent assessment and psychomotor skills derives power from their expertise in the field. They are respected and trusted for their knowledge and abilities, giving them influence over others. Rewards (A) and coercion (B) are forms of power derived from external factors like incentives or threats, not skills. Legitimate power (D) comes from one's position or title, not necessarily from skills. In this case, the RN's power comes from their expertise, making choice C the most appropriate answer.