Adult Health Nursing Study Guide Answers

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: I. It blocks the urethra: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a condition in which the prostate gland enlarges and can squeeze the urethra, leading to urinary symptoms such as difficulty urinating. This statement correctly explains one of the effects of BPH on the urinary system.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The gallbladder is the structure responsible for storing and concentrating bile produced by the liver until it is needed for digestion. Bile is a digestive fluid that helps in the breakdown of fats during the digestive process. When food containing fats enters the small intestine, the gallbladder contracts and releases bile into the small intestine to aid in the digestion and absorption of fats. The gallbladder acts as a reservoir for bile, storing it until it is needed for digestion.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most appropriate intervention for a patient with difficulty swallowing due to end-stage ALS and concerns about choking is to refer the patient to a speech therapist for swallowing exercises and techniques (Choice B). Speech therapists are trained to assess and manage swallowing difficulties in patients, especially those with neurodegenerative diseases like ALS. They can provide specific exercises and strategies to help the patient swallow safely and reduce the risk of choking. This intervention focuses on addressing the underlying issue causing the difficulty swallowing and aims to improve the patient's quality of life by enhancing their ability to eat and drink. The other options are not as effective or appropriate in addressing the patient's concerns.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate nursing action in this situation is to assess the client's blood pressure and other vital signs. The client's symptoms of severe headache, visual disturbances, and epigastric pain could be indicative of preeclampsia or eclampsia, which are serious conditions that require immediate medical attention. Checking the blood pressure and other vital signs will help determine if the client's symptoms are related to abnormal blood pressure levels, which is critical in identifying and managing hypertensive disorders in postpartum clients. Once the assessment is completed, appropriate medical interventions can be initiated promptly if necessary.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A dental abscess is a condition characterized by inflammation and infection of the soft tissues surrounding the apex of a tooth root. This infection can result from untreated dental decay, trauma to the tooth, or periodontal disease. The abscess can cause pain, swelling, redness, and even pus formation. Treatment typically involves draining the abscess, removing the source of infection, and possibly prescribing antibiotics to address the infection. If left untreated, a dental abscess can lead to serious complications and spread to other parts of the body.